Competency-based approach to training test engineers in mechanical engineering

This study examines the development of professional competencies among test engineers at mechanical engineering enterprises. Two–thirds of organizations in the industry reported a shortage of engineering and technical personnel in 2025, with this figure reaching 75 percent in vehicle manufacturing. The aim of this study is to substantiate a competency–based approach as a tool for aligning specialist training with the requirements of testing facilities. To this end, professional standards for testing activities in the rocket and space industries, automotive manufacturing, and nuclear energy were analyzed, and the job functions and qualification requirements outlined therein were compared. The statistical base was comprised of data from the HSE ISSEK Digital Business Transformation Monitoring Survey for 2025, which covered 1,700 mechanical engineering organizations. Only a third of specialists engaged in development and production possess the competencies sufficient to master new digital technologies across all stages of the production process. The author has developed a classification of professional competencies for test engineers–technical, methodological, and digital groups — linked to the stages of their development. The novelty of the results lies in identifying competencies specific to testing activities and linking these competencies to product quality indicators. Analysis shows that transitioning to a competency–based training model shortens graduate adaptation time in test production and reduces employer costs for continuing education. The results are applicable to the design of engineering training programs for mechanical engineering companies.