The Role of Organizational Factors in Strengthening Public Health Officers’ Engagement in RTI Prevention

Introduction- Public Health Officers (PHOs) play a vital role in disease/injury prevention and health promotion. In developed countries, their involvement in road traffic injury (RTI) prevention has contributed to notable reductions in RTI-related morbidity and mortality. However, in developing countries such as Kenya, PHO participation in RTI prevention remains limited. This study examined organizational factors influencing PHO participation in RTI prevention within Nairobi County. Methodology- Descriptive cross-sectional study design was employed in this study to collect data from PHOs serving in Nairobi County. A structured questionnaire and a key informant interview guide were instruments used to collect quantitative and qualitative data, respectively. Quantitative data was analysed using SPSS software while qualitative was thematically analysed using NVivo software. Results- The study found that strong organizational leadership through mentorship, coaching, provision of resources, and open communication enhances the participation of Public Health Officers (PHOs) in road traffic injury (RTI) prevention. Effective interdepartmental collaboration also emerged as a key enabler, promoting shared responsibility and resource efficiency. However, bureaucratic structures were identified as both supportive and obstructive; while some viewed them as essential for governance, others saw them as barriers due to administrative delays. Overall, the findings underscore the importance of supportive leadership and streamlined organizational structures in empowering PHOs to engage actively in RTI prevention efforts. Conclusion and Recommendations- The study concludes that organizational factors are critical determinants of PHO involvement in RTI prevention. Addressing structural inefficiencies and promoting leadership support are essential to empowering PHOs to contribute meaningfully to RTI prevention and broader public health goals. To strengthen PHO participation in RTI prevention, the study recommends regular mentorship, leadership support, and provision of IEC materials to build capacity. It also highlights the need for clear job descriptions and streamlined processes to enhance effectiveness and accountability.