Occupational risk perception in operational workers in the construction sector (Barranquilla, Colombia)

The perception of occupational risk was characterized in 68 construction workers in Barranquilla through an observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study using convenience sampling. Sociodemographic and occupational information was collected, and risk magnitude (0–10) and Likert scales of probability, severity, collective impact, self-efficacy, and mitigation were assessed. PPE availability/use, signage, order and cleanliness, and recent events were also recorded. High mechanical risk perception was observed, with high scores for severity, concern, and probability of accident, along with favorable levels of self-efficacy and mitigation capacity. PPE availability and adherence were high, but signage, order, and cleanliness were rated as partial. Periods without events predominated, followed by incidents without injuries and a few minor accidents. Although individual protective behaviors are consolidated, organizational gaps persist; it is recommended to strengthen engineering and administrative controls, visual standardization, flow management, and proactive surveillance (near-misses). Risk perception is a useful barometer for prioritizing controls and, with early indicators and visible leadership, can accelerate systemic improvements.