Education and human development: review of relevant socioeconomic, technological and psychosocial factors

Human development in educational contexts requires a perspective that transcends the purely academic to consider structural, technological, and psychosocial dimensions that determine students' well-being and careers. This article presents a narrative review of research published between 2019 and 2025, with the aim of critically analyzing the factors that influence the human development of secondary school students. The methodology adopted combined manual and digital searches in academic databases and institutional libraries, prioritizing qualitative, quantitative, and mixed studies that address socioeconomic, technological, or psychosocial variables with a contextualized approach. The results show that poverty, inequality, and digital exclusion remain significant barriers. At the same time, factors such as self-efficacy, resilience, and social support emerge as key mediators of academic performance and student well-being. The article discusses the need for comprehensive educational approaches that articulate social inclusion, critical technology, and attention to emotional well-being. Policies focused solely on technological coverage or provision are insufficient. It is concluded that progress towards effective human development requires multisectoral strategies, teacher training with a socio-emotional approach and participatory research that gives voice to educational communities and recognizes their diversity