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Default Costs and Repayment of Underwater Mortgages

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  • Brueckner, Jan K.
  • Conklin, James N.
  • Coulson, N. Edward
  • Diop, Moussa

Abstract

We explore an overlooked phenomenon in mortgage markets: repayment of underwater mortgages. Using a sample of mortgages terminated between 2007 and 2016, we show that such repayment indeed occurs, and that it is affected by the same factors commonly used in studies of default: the magnitude of home equity and the borrower’s credit score, which captures default cost as well as liquidity. A novel insight is that underwater repayers, unlike most defaulters, are not liquidity constrained, providing a much cleaner environment to study default costs. We estimate lower bounds on these costs. Our results indicate that default costs are substantial.

Suggested Citation

  • Brueckner, Jan K. & Conklin, James N. & Coulson, N. Edward & Diop, Moussa, 2026. "Default Costs and Repayment of Underwater Mortgages," Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis, Cambridge University Press, vol. 61(2), pages 1011-1035, March.
  • Handle: RePEc:cup:jfinqa:v:61:y:2026:i:2:p:1011-1035_15
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