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State Ownership and Debt Choice: Evidence from Privatization

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  • Boubakri, Narjess
  • Saffar, Walid

Abstract

Using a large sample of privatized firms, we find that state ownership is significantly positively associated with the use of bank debt financing, suggesting that privatized firms benefit from the soft budget constraint associated with state ownership. We further find that the relation is more pronounced in countries with high government ownership of banks, high corruption in bank lending, a left-oriented government, and a collectivist national culture, which provides additional support for the soft-budget-constraint view. Finally, in external validity tests, we find that state ownership affects other aspects of debt structure, such as debt maturity and debt security.

Suggested Citation

  • Boubakri, Narjess & Saffar, Walid, 2019. "State Ownership and Debt Choice: Evidence from Privatization," Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis, Cambridge University Press, vol. 54(3), pages 1313-1346, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:cup:jfinqa:v:54:y:2019:i:03:p:1313-1346_00
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Bram De Lange & Bruno Merlevede, 2020. "State-Owned Enterprises across Europe: Stylized Facts from a Large Firm-level Dataset," Working Papers of Faculty of Economics and Business Administration, Ghent University, Belgium 20/1006, Ghent University, Faculty of Economics and Business Administration.
    2. Dawood Ashraf & Mohsin Khawaja & M. Ishaq Bhatti, 2022. "Raising capital amid economic policy uncertainty: an empirical investigation," Financial Innovation, Springer;Southwestern University of Finance and Economics, vol. 8(1), pages 1-32, December.
    3. Braham, Rihem & de Peretti, Christian & Belkacem, Lotfi, 2023. "Political patronage and banks’ leverage in the Middle Eastern and North African region: A new neural panel regression analysis," The Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 89(C), pages 298-306.
    4. Michael Peneder & Susanne Bärenthaler-Sieber & Michael Böheim & Thomas Url, 2021. "Der Staat als langfristiger Investor," WIFO Studies, WIFO, number 66819, February.
    5. Xu, Jian & Liu, Yu & Abdoh, Hussein, 2022. "Foreign ownership and productivity," International Review of Economics & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 80(C), pages 624-642.
    6. Xin Li & Qiong Xu & Fei Guo & Hecheng Wang, 2023. "State‐owned equity participation and private sector enterprises' strategic risk taking: Evidence from China," Managerial and Decision Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 44(2), pages 1107-1124, March.
    7. Boubakri, Narjess & Cao, Zhongyu & El Ghoul, Sadok & Guedhami, Omrane & Li, Xinming, 2023. "National culture and bank liquidity creation," Journal of Financial Stability, Elsevier, vol. 64(C).
    8. repec:zbw:bofitp:2022_005 is not listed on IDEAS
    9. Bertay,Ata Can & Calice,Pietro & Diaz Kalan,Federico Alfonso & Masetti,Oliver, 2020. "Recent Trends in Bank Privatization," Policy Research Working Paper Series 9318, The World Bank.
    10. Ben-Nasr, Hamdi & Bouslimi, Lobna & Ebrahim, M. Shahid & Zhong, Rui, 2020. "Political uncertainty and the choice of debt sources," Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money, Elsevier, vol. 64(C).
    11. Chen Hu & Yanan Li & Penghao Ye, 2023. "The Halo Effect of Government: Does State-Owned Capital Promote the Green Innovation of Chinese Private Enterprises?," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(11), pages 1-21, May.
    12. Boubakri, Narjess & Chen, Ruiyuan (Ryan) & El Ghoul, Sadok & Guedhami, Omrane & Nash, Robert, 2020. "State ownership and stock liquidity: Evidence from privatization," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 65(C).
    13. Otchere, Isaac & Senbet, Lemma W. & Zhu, Pengcheng, 2020. "Does political connection distort competition and encourage corporate risk taking? International evidence," Journal of Empirical Finance, Elsevier, vol. 55(C), pages 21-42.
    14. Chen, Yangyang & Hasan, Iftekhar & Saffar, Walid & Zolotoy, Leon, 2021. "Executive Equity Risk-Taking Incentives and Firms’ Choice of Debt Structure," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 133(C).
    15. David Newton & Steven Ongena & Ru Xie & Binru Zhao, 2022. "Banks vs. Markets: Are Banks More Effective in Facilitating Sustainability?," Swiss Finance Institute Research Paper Series 22-22, Swiss Finance Institute.
    16. Khawaja, Mohsin & Bhatti, M. Ishaq & Ashraf, Dawood, 2019. "Ownership and control in a double decision framework for raising capital," Emerging Markets Review, Elsevier, vol. 41(C).
    17. Fornari, Fabio & Zaghini, Andrea, 2022. "It’s not time to make a change: Sovereign fragility and the corporate credit risk," Journal of International Money and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 128(C).
    18. Ting Qian & Caoyuan Yang, 2023. "State-Owned Equity Participation and Corporations’ ESG Performance in China: The Mediating Role of Top Management Incentives," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(15), pages 1-21, July.
    19. Liu, Yu & Xu, Jian, 2022. "Residual state ownership, foreign ownership and firms' financing patterns," Emerging Markets Review, Elsevier, vol. 51(PA).
    20. Chui, Andy C.W. & Li, Xiao & Saffar, Walid, 2021. "National culture and the choice between bank debt and public debt," Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 70(C).
    21. David Newton & Steven Ongena & Ru Xie & Binru Zhao, 2022. "Banks vs. Markets: Are Banks More Effective in Facilitating Sustainability?," Swiss Finance Institute Research Paper Series 22-22, Swiss Finance Institute.
    22. Ashraf, Dawood & Rizwan, Muhammad Suhail & Azmat, Saad, 2021. "Not one but three decisions in sukuk issuance: Understanding the role of ownership and governance," Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 69(C).

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