Phytochemical Characterization And In Vitro Evaluation of A Polyherbal Formulation for Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory and Antimicrobial Activities in Diabetic and Non-Diabetic Wound Healing

Moringa oleifera Lam. is a medicinal plant, and rich in phytoconstituents which possess antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties. The phytochemical profile and certain in vitro bioactive properties of hydroalcoholic leaf extract of M. oleifera were investigated. The leaves were collected from Lucknow area – October/November 2024 and authenticated at ICAR– Central Institute for Subtropical Horticulture, Lucknow. Leaves shade dried and then powdered were extracted using Soxhlet method with methanol–water (70:30, v/v) at 65 °C. There was a 30.33% extractive yield. The preliminary phytochemical screening established the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, terpenoids, phenolics, glycosides, proteins, amino acids and carbohydrates. The colorimetric total phenolic content and aluminium chloride were used to determine the total phenolic and total flavonoids. Total phenolics content of 14.96 mg GAE/g extract and the total flavonoids content of 93.44 mg QE/g extract at the maximum concentration tested was obtained for the extract. The DPPH radical scavenging activity of the present ethyl alcohol extract was found to be in the range 91.49% to 94.75% at 10–100 µg/mL while reference standard was found to be in the range 96.74% to 98.01% at 10–100 µg/mL. In the Bovine serum albumin protein denaturation assay, the inhibition ranged from 6.69% to 54.05% as the concentration of BSA rises while the inhibition range of diclofenac was between 9.00% and 68.99%. The most effective antimicrobial activity was seen against P. aeruginosa with zone of inhibition of 13.50 ± 0.50 mm and 10.00 ± 0.00 mm for 200% and 100% sample concentrations respectively. The analysis of the results shows that the leaves of M. oleifera possess excellent sources of bioactive compounds with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-microbial activities.