Analysis of new technologies implemented in the agricultural sector and their effects on international trade: a literature review

Rapid urbanization has led to overexploitation of natural resources, threatening food security globally, seeking to mitigate negative effects agriculture 4.0 helps to mitigate these effects as it integrates sensors and advanced machinery, managing deeper analysis of acquired data, thus promoting sustainable economic development and aiming for green finance. Through a systematic review of the literature, the 50 most cited articles were chosen, which resulted in 4 clusters (precision agriculture, artificial intelligence and robotics in agriculture, blockchain and traceability and general impacts on international trade) where it was found that technology has transformed agriculture, which has led to improved product quality, reduced costs and time in supply chain management, however implementation is complex due to its high costs, on the other hand global warming and lack of water threaten agricultural production, and non-tariff barriers can distort the market for developing countries that depend on agriculture.