Communal Violence in Bangladesh: Examining Its Impacts on the Hindu Minority in Pirganj, Rangpur

Communal violence has become a major social issue in Bangladesh, challenging long-standing traditions of religious tolerance and social harmony. This study examined the impact of communal violence on the Hindu minority in Pirganj, Rangpur. Using a qualitative approach, we conducted fifteen (15) in-depth interviews and seven (7) case studies. The findings of the study revealed that communal violence has caused significant social and economic damage by disrupting social cohesion, breaking down social and family relationships, causing employment shortages, destroying homes and businesses, and leading to the loss of means of subsistence. Moreover, the deities and religious cultures of the temples were damaged. Participants experienced various psychological issues, including emotional distress, post-traumatic stress, anxiety, and fear. Although law enforcement agencies intervened and security measures were implemented, response delays and justice gaps remain critical concerns. The study highlights the need for locally grounded interventions, including community-police liaison committees at the union level, an early warning system involving mosque and temple leaders, monitoring of social media incitement, targeted rehabilitation programs for affected households, and community-based mental health support. These findings contribute to understanding the intricate nature of communal violence and offer practical recommendations for policymakers and stakeholders.