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Impacto de la implementación de políticas salariales activas en el desarrollo social. Casos: Brasil y México

Author

Listed:
  • Gonzalo Emilio León Rincón
  • Jorge Eduardo Vélez Montoya
  • John Jairo Arango Rivera

Abstract

Resumen Entre el nivel salarial de un país y la demanda agregada por bienes y servicios existe un fuerte vínculo. Si bien, dentro de algunos de los modelos de crecimiento los bajos salarios, incluyendo el salario mínimo como referencia, pueden apoyar las exportaciones de elevado contenido salarial- aquellas que su mayor componente está representado e mano de obra intensiva-, a controlar la inflación y a fomentar la inversión; simultáneamente, el mantenimiento del poder adquisitivo bajo, reduce el consumo agregado de la economía. En consecuencia, este mantenimiento del poder adquisitivo en niveles de subsistencia, para capas amplias de la población, necesariamente genera un efecto negativo sobre el crecimiento económico y la productividad, especialmente en periodos de recesión, como el actual, en los que una caída de los salarios puede impulsar una espiral descendente en la demanda agregada. El presente artículo ofrece una reflexión en torno a la implementación de políticas salariales activas, y su impacto en el desarrollo económico y social de un país; para lo cual se presentan dos escenarios de contraste: México y Brasil. ****** Abstract There is a strong link between the wage level of a country and the aggregate demand for goods and services. Even though within some growth models, low wages, including the minimum wage as a reference, can support high wage content exports (those which main component is represented by an intensive labor force to control inflation and promote investment simultaneously), keeping purchasing power reduces aggregate consumption in that economy. Consequently, keeping purchasing power in levels of subsistence for wide layers of the population necessarily generates a negative effect on economic growth and productivity, particularly during periods of recession such as the current one in which a fall in wages can trigger a downwards spiral in the aggregate demand. This article analyzes the implementation of active wage policies and their impact on the economic and social development of a country. It presents two contrasted scenarios: Mexico and Brazil. Keywords: Minimum Wages, Inflation, Aggregate Demand, Productivity, GDP, Economic and Social Development, Economic Models.

Suggested Citation

  • Gonzalo Emilio León Rincón & Jorge Eduardo Vélez Montoya & John Jairo Arango Rivera, 2013. "Impacto de la implementación de políticas salariales activas en el desarrollo social. Casos: Brasil y México," Escenarios: Empresas y Territorio, Institución Universitaria ESUMER, January.
  • Handle: RePEc:col:000502:014506
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