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Prácticas de presupuesto de capital: evaluación empírica en un grupo de empresas del sector de la construcción en Colombia

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  • Julián Ochoa Yepes, Andrés Mauricio Mora Cuartas

Abstract

El análisis empírico de presupuesto de capital o valoración de inversiones ha sido un tema ampliamente estudiado principalmente en países desarrollados como Estados Unidos, Reino Unido y Canadá. Sin embargo, la evidencia en países emergentes es escasa. Mediante este artículo se pretende comenzar a evidenciar las prácticas de presupuesto de capital a través de un estudio empírico realizado en un grupo de empresas del sector de la construcción en Colombia. De las empresas encuestadas se encontró que el 86% de los profesionales usan los métodos más recomendados en la literatura como la tasa interna de retorno (TIR) y el valor presente neto (VPN), con una mayor inclinación al uso de la TIR (50% siempre la usa) sobre el VPN (36% siempre la usa).También se encontró la falta de conocimiento de métodos más avanzados como el de opciones reales (OR), pues el 95% no lo conoce. Finalmente, se evidencia cómo la mayoría de encuestados determina de manera subjetiva la tasa de descuento utilizada por la empresa, lo que indica falta de sustentación teórica para determinar una tasa más adecuada. The empirical analysis of capital budgeting or investment appraisal is a topic that has been widely studied in developed countries, such as the United States, the United Kingdom, and Canada. The documentation of these practices in emerging countries is scarce. This paper provides some information about current capital budgeting techniques through an empirical study of practices in a group of Colombian companies in the construction industry. In the companies surveyed it was found that 86% of professionals use the most recommended methods in the literature, such as the Internal Rate of Return (IRR) and Net Present Value (NPV), with a preference for the IRR (50% always use it) over the NPV (36% always use it). It was also found that 95% lack knowledge of more sophisticated methods, such as Real Options (OR). Most of the respondents subjectively determine the discount rate that is used for evaluation, indicating the lack of any theoretical justification to determine an appropriate rate.

Suggested Citation

  • Julián Ochoa Yepes, Andrés Mauricio Mora Cuartas, 2014. "Prácticas de presupuesto de capital: evaluación empírica en un grupo de empresas del sector de la construcción en Colombia," Revista Ecos de Economía, Universidad EAFIT, December.
  • Handle: RePEc:col:000442:012552
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Técnicas de flujo de caja descontado; presupuesto de capital; valoración de inversiones; valor presente neto (VPN); tasa interna de retorno (TIR);
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • G11 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - Portfolio Choice; Investment Decisions
    • G31 - Financial Economics - - Corporate Finance and Governance - - - Capital Budgeting; Fixed Investment and Inventory Studies
    • G32 - Financial Economics - - Corporate Finance and Governance - - - Financing Policy; Financial Risk and Risk Management; Capital and Ownership Structure; Value of Firms; Goodwill

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