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Estimación de los impactos en crecimiento económico de la reforma tributaria para la igualdad y la justicia social: análisis a través de un modelo de equilibrio general dinámico determinístico para Colombia
[Estimating the economic growth impacts of the tax reform for equality and social justice: analysis through a deterministic dynamic general equilibrium model for Colombia]

Author

Listed:
  • Sebastián Bernal Hernández

Abstract

El presente trabajo actualiza el modelo de equilibrio general dinámico de Fedesarrollo1 con el propósito de analizar los posibles impactos en crecimiento económico derivados de la reforma tributaria aprobada en 2022. El análisis considera únicamente las medidas orientadas a aumentar la carga tributaria de las personas jurídicas. Los resultados muestran que los impactos en crecimiento dependen del uso que se le dé al nuevo recaudo. Un uso exclusivo para incrementar la inversión en infraestructura pública podría aumentar el nivel de producción agregada en 0,035 puntos porcentuales (p.p.) durante 2023-2026. Por otro lado, destinarlo únicamente a mayor gasto corriente del gobierno o para financiar transferencias directas a los hogares No Ricardianos podría reducir el nivel de producción agregada en 0,057 p.p. y 0,092 p.p., respectivamente. A su vez, se realiza un ejercicio de robustez con el modelo de equilibrio general computable de Fedesarrollo. Con el uso de esta herramienta se confirma parte de los resultados estimados y se encuentra que el modelo dinámico captura de mejor forma el multiplicador de la inversión, ya que permite el modelamiento de procesos de acumulación de capital. -----This paper updates Fedesarrollo’s dynamic general equilibrium model in order to analyze the possible impacts on economic growth derived from the tax reform approved in 2022. The analysis only considers tax measures aimed at increasing the tax burden on corporate entities. The results show that the growth impacts depend on the use of the new revenues. An exclusive use to increase investment in public infrastructure could increase the level of aggregate output by 0.035 percentage points (p.p.) during 2023-2026. On the other hand, using it solely for increased government current spending or to finance direct transfers to non-Ricardian households could reduce the level of aggregate output by 0.057 p.p. and 0.092 p.p., respectively. In turn, a robustness exercise is carried out using Fedesarrollo’s computable general equilibrium model. With the use of this tool, part of the estimated results is confirmed, and it is found that the dynamic model captures the investment multiplier in a better way, as it allows the modelling of capital accumulation processes.

Suggested Citation

  • Sebastián Bernal Hernández, 2025. "Estimación de los impactos en crecimiento económico de la reforma tributaria para la igualdad y la justicia social: análisis a través de un modelo de equilibrio general dinámico determinístico para Colombia [Estimating the economic growth impacts ," Coyuntura Económica, Fedesarrollo, vol. 55, pages 43-83, December.
  • Handle: RePEc:col:000438:022390
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    Keywords

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    JEL classification:

    • D58 - Microeconomics - - General Equilibrium and Disequilibrium - - - Computable and Other Applied General Equilibrium Models
    • O23 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Development Planning and Policy - - - Fiscal and Monetary Policy in Development
    • E62 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Macroeconomic Policy, Macroeconomic Aspects of Public Finance, and General Outlook - - - Fiscal Policy; Modern Monetary Theory
    • F43 - International Economics - - Macroeconomic Aspects of International Trade and Finance - - - Economic Growth of Open Economies

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