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¿Puede un aumento en el ingreso generar trampas de pobreza? Recursos naturales y trabajo infantil

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  • Hernando Zuleta

Abstract

Este artículo presenta una aproximación teórica a la relación entre el precio de los recursos naturales y las trampas de pobreza para el caso de un país productor de minerales. Partiendo de un modelo de generaciones traslapadas donde las decisiones de ahorro, inversión en capital humano, fertilidad y trabajo infantil son endógenas, se identifican las condiciones en las cuales un aumento en el precio de los recursos naturales genera un incremento en el trabajo infantil y una caída en el crecimiento económico. Del mismo modo se identifican las condiciones en las que existe una tasa de crecimiento sostenida. Se encuentran cuatro resultados centrales: 1) Altos precios de los recursos naturales pueden generar trampas de pobreza. 2) Dado el precio de los recursos naturales, entre mayor sea la productividad del trabajo en el sector educativo menor es la probabilidad de existencia de trampas de pobreza. 3) Cuando existe trabajo infantil, la tasa de crecimiento del capital humano depende negativamente del precio de los recursos naturales. 4) La existencia de trabajo infantil puede llevar a caídas en el capital humano y en el capital físico.

Suggested Citation

  • Hernando Zuleta, 2016. "¿Puede un aumento en el ingreso generar trampas de pobreza? Recursos naturales y trabajo infantil," Revista de Economía del Rosario, Universidad del Rosario, vol. 19(1), pages 85-115, June.
  • Handle: RePEc:col:000151:015278
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    Keywords

    trampas de pobreza; minería; trabajo infantil; recursos naturales; educación; crecimiento;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • E24 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Consumption, Saving, Production, Employment, and Investment - - - Employment; Unemployment; Wages; Intergenerational Income Distribution; Aggregate Human Capital; Aggregate Labor Productivity
    • K42 - Law and Economics - - Legal Procedure, the Legal System, and Illegal Behavior - - - Illegal Behavior and the Enforcement of Law
    • O1 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development
    • O15 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - Economic Development: Human Resources; Human Development; Income Distribution; Migration
    • O17 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - Formal and Informal Sectors; Shadow Economy; Institutional Arrangements
    • O4 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Growth and Aggregate Productivity
    • R2 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - Household Analysis

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