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Informalidad, crecimiento y desarrollo en la frontera colombo-venezolana: el caso del departamento de Arauca

Author

Listed:
  • José G. Aguilar Barceló
  • Ronal E. Mahecha Guerra

Abstract

Se suele asumir que la informalidad laboral reduce la base impositiva, compromete el gasto público y precariza el empleo. Mediante el uso de un modelo de datos de panel de efectos fijos y el índice de Moran, se busca conocer la sensibilidad que tiene la informalidad laboral en los niveles de crecimiento y desarrollo económico regional, el posicionamiento geográfico, las condiciones fronterizas y los flujos migratorios en el ámbito municipal, en el departamento colombiano de Arauca para el periodo 2011-2017. Se encuentra que, el nivel de los ingresos tributarios y la cobertura educativa tienen buena capacidad para explicar la informalidad y, por ende, pueden ser aprovechados estratégicamente por las municipalidades en el diseno de política pública. Aunque se descarta una relación global positiva entre informalidad y crecimiento económico, sí existen dinámicas por las que la informalidad podría asociarse con el desarrollo de algunos sectores económicos a escala local. Adicionalmente, se encuentra evidencia de que la informalidad en los municipios araucanos mantiene patrones relacionales que cambian en el tiempo. Finalmente, aunque la condición de frontera tiene incidencia en la informalidad, parecen tenerla aún más los factores estructurales asociados a dicho fenómeno. ****** It is usually assumed that labor informality reduces the tax base, threatens public spending and makes employment precarious. Using a fixed effects panel data model and the Moran index, we want to investigate the sensitivity of labor informality to the levels of regional economic growth and development, the geographic positioning, the border conditions and migration flows in the Colombian department of Arauca for the period 2011-2017. We found that the level of tax revenues and educational coverage have a good capacity to explain informality and, therefore, can be used strategically by municipalities authorities in the design of public policy. Although a positive global relationship between informality and economic growth is ruled out, there are dynamics by which informality could be associated with the development of some economic in a local scale. Additionally, there is evidence that informality in the Araucanian municipalities maintains relational patterns that change over time. Finally, even though the border condition has an impact on informality, the structural factors associated with this phenomenon seem to have an even greater one.

Suggested Citation

  • José G. Aguilar Barceló & Ronal E. Mahecha Guerra, 2022. "Informalidad, crecimiento y desarrollo en la frontera colombo-venezolana: el caso del departamento de Arauca," Revista Cuadernos de Economia, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, FCE, CID, vol. 41(87), pages 699-722, December.
  • Handle: RePEc:col:000093:020618
    DOI: 10.15446/cuad.econ.v41n87.92446
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    informalidad; crecimiento económico; correlación espacial; departamento de Arauca; frontera colombo-venezolana.;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • C21 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Single Equation Models; Single Variables - - - Cross-Sectional Models; Spatial Models; Treatment Effect Models
    • E26 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Consumption, Saving, Production, Employment, and Investment - - - Informal Economy; Underground Economy
    • F51 - International Economics - - International Relations, National Security, and International Political Economy - - - International Conflicts; Negotiations; Sanctions
    • J61 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Mobility, Unemployment, Vacancies, and Immigrant Workers - - - Geographic Labor Mobility; Immigrant Workers
    • O17 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - Formal and Informal Sectors; Shadow Economy; Institutional Arrangements

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