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Die CA-Krise 1931

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  • Felix Butschek

Abstract

Österreich war im Laufe seiner industriellen Entwicklung häufig von Finanzkrisen betroffen. Keine jedoch verursachte derart dramatische Folgen wie die CA-Krise des Jahres 1931. Sie bedeutete den Abschluss eines Anpassungsprozesses, welchem das gesamte österreichische Bankensystem ausgesetzt war und darin bestand, sich von Dimensionen einer Großmacht auf jene eines Kleinstaates umzustellen. Dass die Geldinstitute dieser Tatsache lange nicht ins Auge blicken wollten, verursachte ihre Verwundbarkeit. Anfang 1931 schien es, als ob die Weltwirtschaftskrise ihren unteren Wendepunkt erreicht hätte. Der drohende Zusammenbruch der CA, der größten und angesehensten ostmitteleuropäischen Bank, zeitigte derart fatale Folgen im In- und Ausland - insbesonders in Deutschland -, dass sich die Weltwirtschaftskrise bis 1933 fortsetzte. Daran vermochte auch der Umstand nichts zu ändern, dass eine Insolvenz des Geldinstitutes durch den Bund, die Nationalbank und das Haus Rothschild mit 180 Mio. Schilling aufgefangen wurde. Und letztlich wuchs sich die Bankenkrise zu einer solchen der Währung aus. 1933 musste der Schilling um 28% abgewertet werden. Gewisse Ähnlichkeiten mit der gegenwärtigen Währungskrise springen ins Auge. Auch die CA wurde, wie die meisten Banken heute, von der öffentlichen Hand aufgefangen. Die Sanierung anderer Geldinstitute war zuvor gleichfalls durch Fusionierung versucht worden. Auch Einlagengarantien wurden ausgesprochen. Freilich unterschied sich die Ausgangssituation: Die heutige Finanzkrise folgt auf einen langen Aufschwung und vollzieht sich in einer Wohlstandsgesellschaft, jene der CA resultierte letztlich aus dem Zusammenbruch der k. u. k. Monarchie und in einem Land, das noch durch vergleichsweise niedriges Masseneinkommen geprägt war.

Suggested Citation

  • Felix Butschek, 2009. "Die CA-Krise 1931," Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft - WuG, Kammer für Arbeiter und Angestellte für Wien, Abteilung Wirtschaftswissenschaft und Statistik, vol. 35(1), pages 65-78.
  • Handle: RePEc:clr:wugarc:y:2009v:35i:1p:65
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Hyman P. Minsky, 1977. "The Financial Instability Hypothesis: An Interpretation of Keynes and an Alternative to“Standard” Theory," Challenge, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 20(1), pages 20-27, March.
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