The Results of the Parliamentary Elections in the European Union and Its Leading Member States in 2019–2024: A New Stage in the Transformation of Party and Political Systems

The article analyzes the results of the national and pan-European parliamentary elections in the European Union and its leading member states: Austria, Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, France, Sweden, Finland, held in 2019-2024, and their impact on the transformation of their party and political systems. According to the results of the study, the balance of power between pro-European and Eurosceptic forces represented in both national parliaments and the European Parliament has significantly changed in these countries, which has influenced their own future development and that of the European Union. Based on the election results, the author concludes that although pro-European forces (conservatives, socialists, liberals and greens) have retained a dominant role in the governments of their countries and in EU political institutions, dissatisfaction among a significant number of European citizens with the lack of democracy and transparency in the formation and activities of their leadership persists and, in some countries, is growing. Following the results of the 2024 Eurovision elections, the third largest right-wing conservative Eurosceptic group, Patriots for Europe, was formed in the European Parliament, declaring itself the main opposition force of the pro-European coalition. The most radical members of the European Parliament, united around the Alternative for Germany party, formed the even more rigidly eurosceptic Europe of Sovereign Nations group, which, although the smallest in number, may pose a great danger to Euro-optimists and their supporters in the future. In the near future, this may lead to real threats to the stability of the political institutions of the EU and its member states.