Peut-on mieux gérer les enseignants ?

This article tries to enlighten the current public debate about human resource management in the French schooling system by calling to the results of recent researches in economics of education. It recalls first the different stances in the debate about teacher career, who started recently because of a report from French Cour des Comptes. Then, it discusses how to measure teachers? performance, and how these measures could be used to better recruit and incentivise teachers. It also evoques teacher training, and how teachers and students sort into the educational system. In general, it seems difficult to implement a more active human resource management in a schooling system because of the difficulty in measuring the individual efficiency of teachers, and because they react only weakly to incentive measures.