Strategic Decisions For The Development Of Romanian Fruit Growing And Viticulture In The Twentieth And Early Twenty-First Centuries

In the current territory of our country, the cultivation of fruit trees and vines has a very old tradition. After the unification of the Principalities (1859) and especially after the First World War, the culture of fruit trees and vines expanded as a surface, more performant varieties were introduced in terms of productivity and quality and culture technologies were upgraded. In the years 1960-1990, the culture of fruit trees and vines has accelerated development. Many new fruit plantations were set up in the intensive and superintensiv system, the assortment of varieties diversified and increased the share of valuable fruit species, in particular, apple, apricot and peach tree. New plantations with valuable varieties for red and white wines and table grapes were established in viticulture. In the period 1990-2010, following the restitution of land to the former owners, including those areas occupied with vineyards and orchards, part of the plantations were abandoned and then deforested and the production of fruit and grapes decreased. After the year 2010, two programmes were implemented to restore the fruit and wine heritage at the national level, first in viticulture and then also in the fruit growing. Currently, most of the new vine plantations began to produce and contribute to the achievement of important quantities of high-quality wine. In fruit trees, the new plantations that have been established or are being set up will increase the share in culture of new, pretable species to green culture technologies: seabuckthorn, hazelnut, walnut,blueberry, black and red currant and Aronia.