Influence of Mental Health on Disaster Preparedness: Findings from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, 2007–2009

Preparedness is central to improving health outcomes following disasters. Individuals with poor mental health may be at increased risk of adverse health consequences following disasters due to a lack of preparedness. We examined the relationship between preparedness and mental health. Using Louisiana and New Hampshire (2007) and Mississippi (2009) general preparedness and mental illness modules from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) we examine whether having an evacuation plan, a 3-day supply of medication, and supplies including food, water, a radio, and flashlight is influenced by psychological distress, assessed by the Kessler-6, a validated measure of probable serious mental illness. Across respondents, 47% are prepared with supplies, 29% have an evacuation plan, and 91.2% have a 3-day supply of medication. Serious psychological distress increases the odds of a lack of overall preparedness (OR=1.61, 95%CI: 1.41, 1.84), a 3-day supply of medication (OR=1.66, 95%CI: 1.39, 1.99), and an evacuation plan (OR=1.22, 95%CI: 1.05, 1.42). Individuals with poor mental health are not only more at risk for adverse consequences following disasters, they are also starting off less prepared. Mental health practitioners, primary care providers, and emergency managers should craft health promotion and risk communication messages to focus on this vulnerable population.