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Immigration, Transnationalism And ‘Flexible Citizenship’ In Canada: An Examination Of Ong'S Thesis Ten Years On

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  • JOHANNA L. WATERS

Abstract

This paper examines the relationship between transnationalism and belonging, with particular reference to Ong's concept of ‘flexible citizenship’, ten years after it was first articulated. It asks ‘to what extent is Ong's work still relevant for the contemporary experiences of transnational migrants?’ With a focus on research in Canada, I argue that, contrary to their ‘flexible’ intentions, transnational immigrants often demonstrate a high level of local civic involvement and a localised sense of identity in the ‘new’ country, even when continuing to practice transnationalism on a daily basis. In addition, the paper contributes to debates around the relationship between transnationalism and integration over time. It draws upon an indepth qualitative study of immigrant women over eight years to examine the extent of their transnational activities and feelings of belonging. It concludes that while the notion of flexible citizenship would in many cases seem to describe accurately the objectives of Chinese immigrants to Canada, it is perhaps less salient in relation to some of their experiences.

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  • Johanna L. Waters, 2009. "Immigration, Transnationalism And ‘Flexible Citizenship’ In Canada: An Examination Of Ong'S Thesis Ten Years On," Tijdschrift voor Economische en Sociale Geografie, Royal Dutch Geographical Society KNAG, vol. 100(5), pages 635-645, December.
  • Handle: RePEc:bla:tvecsg:v:100:y:2009:i:5:p:635-645
    DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-9663.2009.00569.x
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Valerie Preston & Audrey Kobayashi & Guida Man, 2006. "Transnationalism, Gender, and Civic Participation: Canadian Case Studies of Hong Kong Immigrants," Environment and Planning A, , vol. 38(9), pages 1633-1651, September.
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    Cited by:

    1. Wang, Sean H., 2017. "Intra-Asian infrastructures of Chinese birth tourism: agencies’ operations in China and Taiwan," SocArXiv q6ba2, Center for Open Science.
    2. Huib Ernste & Henk Van Houtum & Annelies Zoomers, 2009. "Trans‐World: Debating The Place And Borders Of Places In The Age Of Transnationalism," Tijdschrift voor Economische en Sociale Geografie, Royal Dutch Geographical Society KNAG, vol. 100(5), pages 577-586, December.

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