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Assessment of Citizens’ Populist Orientations: Development and Validation of the POPulist ORientation (POPOR) Scale

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  • Michele Roccato
  • Piergiorgio Corbetta
  • Nicoletta Cavazza
  • Pasquale Colloca

Abstract

Objectives We developed and validated the POPulist ORientation (POPOR) Scale (composed of six five‐category items), operationalizing populist orientation as a unidimensional construct composed of six facets: (1) anti‐economic, financial, and intellectual establishment attitude; (2) anti‐political establishment; (3) conception of the people as a homogeneous and virtuous entity; (4) consideration of the people as legitimated to take part directly in political decision‐making processes; (5) need for a strong leader; and (6) loss of relevance of the traditional ideologies. To prevent response bias, we gave the POPOR Scale a forced‐choice format and a balanced structure. Method We surveyed a quota sample of 1,348 Italians extracted from the general population and analyzed the structure of the scale and its convergent validity via confirmatory factor analysis. Results The POPOR Scale showed a unidimensional structure and a good convergent validity. Supplemental analyses showed its structural invariance across gender, age, education, and area of residence.

Suggested Citation

  • Michele Roccato & Piergiorgio Corbetta & Nicoletta Cavazza & Pasquale Colloca, 2019. "Assessment of Citizens’ Populist Orientations: Development and Validation of the POPulist ORientation (POPOR) Scale," Social Science Quarterly, Southwestern Social Science Association, vol. 100(6), pages 2148-2167, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:bla:socsci:v:100:y:2019:i:6:p:2148-2167
    DOI: 10.1111/ssqu.12704
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    Cited by:

    1. Michele Roccato & Nicoletta Cavazza & Pasquale Colloca & Silvia Russo, 2020. "A Democratic Emergency After a Health Emergency? Exposure to COVID‐19, Perceived Economic Threat and Support for Anti‐Democratic Political Systems," Social Science Quarterly, Southwestern Social Science Association, vol. 101(6), pages 2193-2202, October.
    2. Michele Roccato & Nicoletta Cavazza & Pasquale Colloca & Silvia Russo, 2020. "Three Roads to Populism? An Italian Field Study on the 2019 European Election," Social Science Quarterly, Southwestern Social Science Association, vol. 101(4), pages 1222-1235, July.
    3. Eline A. de Rooij & Dominik A. Stecuła & Mark A. Pickup, 2022. "Populist media diets," Social Science Quarterly, Southwestern Social Science Association, vol. 103(4), pages 975-991, July.

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