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The decision on unconstitutionality of earmarking and its impact on the housing access: Evidence from São Paulo State, Brazil

Author

Listed:
  • Rodger Barros Antunes Campos
  • Gustavo Pereira Serra

Abstract

In September of 1997 the Brazilian Supreme Court ruled unconstitutional the earmarking of tax revenues to public housing programme that was practised by the Government of the State of São Paulo. We explore this decision as an exogenous experiment to identify the impact of the earmarking prohibition on public housing deficit. We take advantage of the fact that the decision only affected the provision of public housing to households below a specific income threshold and estimate a difference‐in‐difference empirical model with probit estimators. Our results suggest that low‐income individuals faced an average decrease of 4.5% in the probability of living in a housing deficit condition after earmarking was revoked. En septiembre de 1997 la Corte Suprema de Brasil declaró inconstitucional la asignación obligatoria de ingresos fiscales al programa de vivienda pública implementado por el Gobierno del Estado de São Paulo. Se examina esta decisión como un experimento exógeno para identificar el impacto de la prohibición de destinar fondos de manera obligatoria al déficit de vivienda pública. Se aprovechó el hecho de que la decisión sólo afectó a la provisión de vivienda pública a hogares por debajo de un umbral de ingresos específico y se estimó un modelo empírico de diferencias en diferencias con estimadores probit. Los resultados sugieren que las personas con bajos ingresos se enfrentaron a una disminución promedio del 4,5% en la probabilidad de vivir en una condición de déficit de vivienda después de que se revocó la asignación obligatoria de fondos. 1997年9月、ブラジルの連邦最高裁判所は、サンパウロ州政府が税収を公共住宅建設プログラムの特定財源としたことを違憲とする判決を下した。本稿ではこの判決を、特定財源化の禁止による住宅不足に対する影響を探索する外生的実験として検討した。所得が一定の閾値未満の家計への公共住宅の供給のみが判決の影響を受けるという事実を利用し、プロビット推定を用いて差分の差分法による実証モデルを推計した。結果から、特定財源化の実行後の住宅不足の状況下で、低所得者の生存確率が平均で4.5%減少したことが示唆される。

Suggested Citation

  • Rodger Barros Antunes Campos & Gustavo Pereira Serra, 2020. "The decision on unconstitutionality of earmarking and its impact on the housing access: Evidence from São Paulo State, Brazil," Regional Science Policy & Practice, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 12(1), pages 25-42, February.
  • Handle: RePEc:bla:rgscpp:v:12:y:2020:i:1:p:25-42
    DOI: 10.1111/rsp3.12180
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    JEL classification:

    • D61 - Microeconomics - - Welfare Economics - - - Allocative Efficiency; Cost-Benefit Analysis
    • H21 - Public Economics - - Taxation, Subsidies, and Revenue - - - Efficiency; Optimal Taxation
    • R21 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - Household Analysis - - - Housing Demand

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