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Changing Policy Narratives in Addressing Indonesia's Deforestation

Author

Listed:
  • Hafidz Wibisono
  • Putri Yuko Nawang Wulan
  • Anisa Nur Rahmaningtyas
  • Emilya Nurjani
  • Mulyadi Alwi
  • Rika Harini
  • Hannan Revi Hermawan
  • Widiyana Riasasi

Abstract

Indonesia's forests stand at the crossroads of economic prosperity and ecological preservation, where the demand for timber and palm oil clashes with the urgent need to protect biodiversity and mitigate climate change. The dual role of Indonesia's forests has led to decades of policy tension, primarily contesting their function as engines of economic growth and vital ecological safeguards. The vast timber products generated by Indonesia's forests have played an essential role in the national economy, especially during periods of economic turmoil, such as the colonial and reform periods. However, the economic benefits triggered considerable deforestation due to excessive logging and land clearing, primarily for palm oil plantations. Addressing deforestation, Indonesia's government has enacted various policies over the last decades, each with different focuses and narratives. Even though the policies all aim to reduce deforestation, how they are framed and presented matters for gaining political support. Relatedly, this research reviews the macro policy narratives (the grand storylines associated with policymakers' belief systems that shape and influence policy paradigms) underpinning Indonesia's efforts to address deforestation. Through literature reviews, this study found that the policy narratives for addressing Indonesia's deforestation primarily center on a structural governance shift. Started from the narrative highlighting absolute government control during the new order regimes, to the political decentralization in early reform, then to the technocratic intervention embedded in people's welfare and climate sustainability discourses in the following periods. 印度尼西亚的森林处于经济繁荣与生态保护的十字路口,“对木材和棕榈油的需求”与“保护生物多样性和缓解气候变化的迫切需要”之间存在冲突。印尼森林的双重角色导致了数十年的政策紧张局势,主要体现在其作为经济增长引擎和重要生态保障的作用之间。印尼森林生产的大量木材产品在国民经济中发挥了至关重要的作用,尤其是在经济动荡时期,例如殖民时期和改革时期。然而,经济利益也引发了严重的森林砍伐,主要是由于过度伐木和土地开垦,尤其是为了种植棕榈油。为了应对森林砍伐问题,印尼政府在过去几十年中实施了各种政策,每项政策的侧重点和论述各不相同。尽管这些政策的目标都是减少森林砍伐,但它们的框架和呈现方式对于获得政治支持至关重要。此外,本研究还回顾了支撑印尼应对森林砍伐努力的宏观政策叙事(即与决策者信念体系相关的、塑造和影响政策范式的宏大叙事)。通过文献综述,本研究发现,印尼应对森林砍伐的政策叙事主要围绕结构性治理转型展开。这一转型始于新秩序时期强调政府绝对控制的叙事,随后是早期改革中的政治权力下放,最后是之后时期融入民生福祉和气候可持续性话语的技术官僚干预. Los bosques de Indonesia se encuentran en la encrucijada de la prosperidad económica y la preservación ecológica, donde la demanda de madera y aceite de palma choca con la urgente necesidad de proteger la biodiversidad y mitigar el cambio climático. La doble función de los bosques indonesios ha generado décadas de tensión política, principalmente cuestionando su función como motores del crecimiento económico y salvaguardas ecológicas vitales. Los vastos productos madereros generados por los bosques de Indonesia han desempeñado un papel esencial en la economía nacional, especialmente durante períodos de crisis económica, como la época colonial y la reforma. Sin embargo, los beneficios económicos provocaron una deforestación considerable debido a la tala y el desmonte excesivos, principalmente para plantaciones de aceite de palma. Para abordar la deforestación, el gobierno de Indonesia ha promulgado diversas políticas en las últimas décadas, cada una con diferentes enfoques y narrativas. Si bien todas las políticas buscan reducir la deforestación, su formulación y presentación son cruciales para obtener apoyo político. En relación con esto, esta investigación analiza las narrativas macropolíticas (las grandes líneas argumentales asociadas con los sistemas de creencias de los responsables políticos que configuran e influyen en los paradigmas políticos) que sustentan los esfuerzos de Indonesia para abordar la deforestación. A través de revisiones bibliográficas, este estudio concluyó que las narrativas políticas para abordar la deforestación en Indonesia se centran principalmente en un cambio estructural de gobernanza. Empezando por la narrativa que destaca el control gubernamental absoluto durante los regímenes del nuevo orden, pasando por la descentralización política en las primeras reformas, y finalmente por la intervención tecnocrática arraigada en los discursos sobre el bienestar social y la sostenibilidad climática en los períodos posteriores.

Suggested Citation

  • Hafidz Wibisono & Putri Yuko Nawang Wulan & Anisa Nur Rahmaningtyas & Emilya Nurjani & Mulyadi Alwi & Rika Harini & Hannan Revi Hermawan & Widiyana Riasasi, 2026. "Changing Policy Narratives in Addressing Indonesia's Deforestation," Review of Policy Research, Policy Studies Organization, vol. 43(2), March.
  • Handle: RePEc:bla:revpol:v:43:y:2026:i:2:n:e70082
    DOI: 10.1111/ropr.70082
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