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Governance of Climate‐Induced Relocation in the US: An Exploration of Institutional Complexity

Author

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  • Christopher S. Galik
  • Brad A. Johnson

Abstract

Climate change has and will continue to have a profound effect on both individuals and the communities in which they reside. A pressing question is how communities forced to confront climate‐induced catastrophe—including both rapid and slow‐onset hazards—undertake the decision of how and when to relocate, particularly given the multiple scales at which decision‐making processes play out and the broadly felt social, economic, and environmental effects that arise from the resulting decisions. In the US, multiple communities have begun to face the challenge of relocation through the creation of formalized plans, plans that can themselves be used as windows into a complex and emergent governance process. But before the effectiveness of these processes in governing relocation can be assessed, we must first understand the structure under which relocation occurs. Through the example of three US communities that have already begun the process of relocation, we document the organizations involved and the policies and programs cited. Leveraging the Institutional Grammar, we next explore the institutional structure of the relocation process against theoretical expectations for polycentric governance. In doing so, we provide further examples of semi‐automated analysis of institutional grammar using open‐source software, contributing to an even wider realm of policy scholarship. 气候变化已经并将继续对个人及其居住的社区产生深远影响。一个紧迫的问题是,被迫应对气候灾难(包括突发性和缓发性灾害)的社区,如何决定何时以及如何搬迁,尤其是在决策过程涉及多个层面,且最终决策会产生广泛的社会影响、经济影响和环境影响的情况下。在美国,多个社区已开始通过制定正式计划来应对搬迁挑战,这些计划本身能作为了解复杂且不断涌现的治理过程的窗口。但在评估这些流程在治理搬迁方面的有效性之前,我们必须首先了解搬迁发生的结构。本文以三个已启动搬迁进程的美国社区为例,记录了相关组织以及引用的政策和项目。接下来,我们将运用制度语法,结合多元中心治理的理论预期,探讨搬迁过程的制度结构。通过这种方式,我们提供了更多使用开源软件进行制度语法半自动化分析的实例,从而为更广泛的政策研究领域作贡献。 El cambio climático ha tenido y seguirá teniendo un profundo efecto tanto en las personas como en las comunidades donde residen. Una pregunta urgente es cómo las comunidades obligadas a afrontar catástrofes climáticas —incluyendo peligros de evolución rápida y lenta— toman la decisión de cómo y cuándo reubicarse, especialmente dadas las múltiples escalas en las que se desarrollan los procesos de toma de decisiones y los amplios efectos sociales, económicos y ambientales que surgen de las decisiones resultantes. En Estados Unidos, numerosas comunidades han comenzado a afrontar el reto de la reubicación mediante la creación de planes formalizados, planes que pueden utilizarse como ventana a un proceso de gobernanza complejo y emergente. Sin embargo, antes de evaluar la eficacia de estos procesos en la gestión de la reubicación, es necesario comprender la estructura bajo la cual se produce. A través del ejemplo de tres comunidades estadounidenses que ya han iniciado el proceso de reubicación, documentamos las organizaciones involucradas y las políticas y programas citados. Aprovechando la Gramática Institucional, a continuación, exploramos la estructura institucional del proceso de reubicación frente a las expectativas teóricas de una gobernanza policéntrica. De esta manera, proporcionamos más ejemplos de análisis semiautomatizado de la gramática institucional mediante software de código abierto, contribuyendo así a un ámbito aún más amplio de investigación en políticas públicas.

Suggested Citation

  • Christopher S. Galik & Brad A. Johnson, 2026. "Governance of Climate‐Induced Relocation in the US: An Exploration of Institutional Complexity," Review of Policy Research, Policy Studies Organization, vol. 43(2), March.
  • Handle: RePEc:bla:revpol:v:43:y:2026:i:2:n:e70081
    DOI: 10.1111/ropr.70081
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