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Congruent Nudging: Examining the Interplay of Educative and Non‐Educative Nudges in Citizens' Co‐Production Intentions

Author

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  • Tianhao Zhai
  • Yue Guo
  • Jun Su
  • Peng Ru

Abstract

This study seeks to advance our understanding of the role of nudges in fostering citizen co‐production. We explore combinations of educative nudges—egoistic or altruistic information—and non‐educative nudges—gain or loss frames—on citizens' co‐production intentions. A survey experiment in a Chinese smart energy project showed individual nudges exhibit minimal impact, in contrast to the pronounced effectiveness of certain combinations, particularly gain frames with altruistic information and loss frames with egoistic information. These results underscore the nuanced dynamics of nudging in shaping citizens' intentions and stress the importance of strategically coherent policy designs that integrate multiple instruments to achieve greater efficacy in behavioral interventions. 本研究旨在加深我们对“助推在促进公民合作生产中的作用”的理解。我们探讨了教育性助推(利己主义或利他主义信息)和非教育性助推(收益或损失框架)的组合对公民合作生产意向的影响。中国智慧能源项目中的一项调查实验表明,单个助推的影响微乎其微,而某些助推组合则表现出显著的有效性,尤其是收益框架与利他主义信息的组合、以及损失框架与利己主义信息的组合。这些结果强调了助推在影响公民意向方面的细微动态,并强调了那些整合多种工具以实现更高行为干预效能的战略性连贯政策设计的重要性。 Este estudio busca profundizar en nuestra comprensión del rol de los empujoncitos en el fomento de la coproducción ciudadana. Exploramos combinaciones de empujoncitos educativos (información egoísta o altruista) y no educativos (marcos de ganancia o pérdida) sobre las intenciones de coproducción de los ciudadanos. Un experimento de encuesta en un proyecto chino de energía inteligente mostró que los empujoncitos individuales exhiben un impacto mínimo, en contraste con la pronunciada efectividad de ciertas combinaciones, particularmente marcos de ganancia con información altruista y marcos de pérdida con información egoísta. Estos resultados subrayan la dinámica matizada del empujoncito en la configuración de las intenciones ciudadanas y enfatizan la importancia de diseños de políticas estratégicamente coherentes que integren múltiples instrumentos para lograr una mayor eficacia en las intervenciones conductuales.

Suggested Citation

  • Tianhao Zhai & Yue Guo & Jun Su & Peng Ru, 2026. "Congruent Nudging: Examining the Interplay of Educative and Non‐Educative Nudges in Citizens' Co‐Production Intentions," Review of Policy Research, Policy Studies Organization, vol. 43(2), March.
  • Handle: RePEc:bla:revpol:v:43:y:2026:i:2:n:e70042
    DOI: 10.1111/ropr.70042
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