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The minimum marriageable age policy process in the United States: An advocacy coalition framework analysis

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  • Ene Ikpebe

Abstract

Early marriage—defined as marriage before age 18—has been shown to constitute a major obstacle to women's development with negative impacts on their health, education, and economic development. For several decades, the issue has been a major topic of global policy discussions with organizations like the United Nations advocating for global adoption of a minimum marriageable age of 18. However, for almost all this period, American policy discussions have not reflected a similar prioritization of the issue of early marriage; Delaware was the first state to adopt the policy in 2018. Using the Advocacy Coalition Framework (ACF), this paper examines the development of the minimum marriageable age policy discussion in the United States. With Discourse Network Analysis (DNA) of newspaper articles, the study identifies the major actors, coalitions, and beliefs that have featured in this policy process. The analysis suggests that NGOs and state legislators have been the main policy actors, and that they can be organized into pro and anti‐minimum‐marriageable‐age‐of‐18 coalitions. Results also show that the deep core beliefs that have featured in the policy discussion boil down to the American ideal of liberty, in this case, of individuals to marry, to exercise their reproductive and religious rights, of parents to decide when their children are ready for marriage, and to not suffer violation of other human rights. 早婚(定义为18岁之前结婚)已被证明是女性发展的一个主要障碍,对她们的健康、教育和经济发展产生负面影响。几十年来,这个问题一直是全球政策讨论的主要话题,联合国等组织倡导全球采用18岁为最低结婚年龄。然而,在这段时间里,美国的政策讨论并没有反映出对早婚问题的类似优先考虑;2018年,特拉华州是第一个采用该政策的州。本文利用倡导联盟框架(ACF),研究了美国最低结婚年龄政策讨论的发展情况。通过对报纸文章进行话语网络分析(DNA),本研究识别了这一政策过程中的主要行动者、联盟和信念。分析表明,非政府组织和州立法者一直是主要的政策行动者,他们能组织成支持和反对18岁最低结婚年龄的联盟。结果还表明,政策讨论中所体现的深层核心信念可以归结为美国的自由理想,在本案例中则是个人能自由结婚、行使生育权利和宗教权利、父母能自由决定子女何时准备结婚以及不侵犯其他人权。 Se ha demostrado que el matrimonio precoz, definido como el matrimonio antes de los 18 años, constituye un obstáculo importante para el desarrollo de las mujeres, con impactos negativos en su salud, educación y desarrollo económico. Durante varias décadas, este tema ha sido un tema central en los debates políticos globales, con organizaciones como las Naciones Unidas abogando por la adopción global de una edad mínima para contraer matrimonio de 18 años. Sin embargo, durante casi todo este período, los debates políticos estadounidenses no han reflejado una priorización similar del matrimonio precoz; Delaware fue el primer estado en adoptar esta política en 2018. Utilizando el Marco de Coalición para la Defensa de los Derechos de las Personas con Discapacidad (ACF), este artículo examina el desarrollo del debate sobre la política de la edad mínima para contraer matrimonio en Estados Unidos. Mediante el Análisis de Redes del Discurso (DNA) de artículos periodísticos, el estudio identifica los principales actores, coaliciones y creencias que han participado en este proceso político. El análisis sugiere que las ONG y los legisladores estatales han sido los principales actores políticos y que pueden organizarse en coaliciones a favor y en contra de la edad mínima para contraer matrimonio de 18 años. Los resultados también muestran que las creencias fundamentales más profundas que han figurado en el debate político se reducen al ideal estadounidense de libertad, en este caso, de los individuos a casarse, a ejercer sus derechos reproductivos y religiosos, de los padres a decidir cuándo sus hijos están listos para el matrimonio y a no sufrir violaciones de otros derechos humanos.

Suggested Citation

  • Ene Ikpebe, 2026. "The minimum marriageable age policy process in the United States: An advocacy coalition framework analysis," Review of Policy Research, Policy Studies Organization, vol. 43(1), January.
  • Handle: RePEc:bla:revpol:v:43:y:2026:i:1:n:e70013
    DOI: 10.1111/ropr.70013
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