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Political Institutions and Pollution: Evidence from Coal‐Fired Power Generation

Author

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  • Richard Clark
  • Noah Zucker
  • Johannes Urpelainen

Abstract

What is the relationship between political institutions and air pollution generated by the power sector? Here we focus on the association between democracy and power generated from coal, the most polluting of all fossil fuels. Using a new dataset on coal‐fired power plants commissioned between 1980 and 2016 in 71 countries, we find that the relationship between democracy and coal varies according to the environmental Kuznets curve logic. Democratic political institutions at lower levels of economic development are correlated with increased commissioning of coal power plants, as governments seek to appeal to an electorate prioritizing economic growth and affordable energy access. As a country becomes richer, democracy comes to have a negative association with coal power, as clean air becomes a more salient issue for the public. 政治制度和污染:燃煤发电提供的证据 政治制度和由电力部门制造的空气污染之间存在何种关系?笔者在文中聚焦于民主和煤电之间的联系,煤电在所有化石燃料中最具污染性。通过使用1980‐2016年间由71个国家批准生产的燃煤发电厂所得出的数据集,笔者发现,民主和煤电之间的关系随环境库兹涅茨曲线的逻辑发生变化。经济发展程度较低的国家中,民主政治制度与煤电厂批准数量的增加相关,因为政府试图吸引那些希望将经济增长和可支付能源获取作为优先事项的选民。当一个国家变得更加富裕时,民主与煤电的关系呈负相关,因为洁净的空气对大众而言是一个更为突出的问题。 Instituciones políticas y contaminación: evidencia de la generación de energía de carbón ¿Cuál es la relación entre las instituciones políticas y la contaminación del aire generada por el sector eléctrico? Aquí nos centramos en la asociación entre la democracia y el poder generado por el carbón, el más contaminante de todos los combustibles fósiles. Al utilizar un nuevo conjunto de datos sobre centrales eléctricas de carbón comisionadas entre 1980 y 2016 en 71 países, encontramos que la relación entre democracia y carbón varía según la lógica de la curva ambiental de Kuznets. Las instituciones políticas democráticas en niveles más bajos de desarrollo económico están correlacionadas con una mayor puesta en servicio de las centrales eléctricas de carbón, ya que los gobiernos buscan apelar a un electorado que prioriza el crecimiento económico y el acceso a energía asequible. A medida que un país se vuelve más rico, la democracia tiene una asociación negativa con el poder del carbón, ya que el aire limpio se convierte en un tema más importante para el público.

Suggested Citation

  • Richard Clark & Noah Zucker & Johannes Urpelainen, 2019. "Political Institutions and Pollution: Evidence from Coal‐Fired Power Generation," Review of Policy Research, Policy Studies Organization, vol. 36(5), pages 586-602, September.
  • Handle: RePEc:bla:revpol:v:36:y:2019:i:5:p:586-602
    DOI: 10.1111/ropr.12356
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