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How to Achieve a More Resource‐Efficient and Climate‐Neutral Energy System by 2030? Views of Nordic Stakeholders

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  • Sarah Kilpeläinen
  • Pami Aalto
  • Pasi Toivanen
  • Pinja Lehtonen
  • Hannele Holttinen

Abstract

The Nordic countries pursue ambitious energy transition goals through national energy policies and in the framework of Nordic cooperation. We propose that the transition is realistic only if it involves the public, private, and nongovernmental organization sectors as regulators, innovators, and advocates of relevant policies and solutions representing the multitude of interests involved. We examine these interests through Q methodological experiments, where 43 expert stakeholders’ rank‐order statements concerning their preferred policy measures vis‐à‐vis the electric energy system. Factor analysis of these subjectively held views produces three distinct views. The first two enjoy strong inter‐Nordic support. The first view prioritizes market and grid development, and the second view prioritizes electric transport, and solar and wind power. The third, “Finnish” view seeks to enhance security of supply, also via microgrids, and prioritizes biofuels over electric transport. Examining the common ground among the three views, we find that enhanced cooperation requires reinforced stakeholder interaction and policy coordination. 如何在2030年实现更具资源有效型和环境中立型的能源系统?北欧利益相关者的看法 北欧国家通过国家能源政策,并在北欧合作框架中追求远大的能源过渡目标。笔者提出,能源过渡的现实意义仅在特定情况下才能体现,即将公共部门、私人部门和非政府组织作为相关政策和解决措施(代表大多数参与者的利益)的监管者、创新者和倡导者。笔者通过Q方法论实验对利益进行了检验。实验中,43名专家利益相关者就电力能源系统一事,对各自所偏好的政策措施言论进行了排名和排序。笔者对这些具备主观性的见解进行了因素分析,得出了三种独特观点。前两种对北欧国家之间的强力支持予以赞赏。第一种观点将市场和电网发展列为优先事项,第二种观点则将重点聚焦于运输、太阳能和风能。第三种观点,即“芬兰式”观点试图通过微电网提高供应安全,并认为生物燃料比电力运输更需优先处理。通过检验三种观点的共同之处,笔者发现,利益相关者之间需加强互动,促进政策协调,才能提高合作。 ¿Cómo lograr un sistema de energía más eficiente en el uso de recursos y de clima neutral para el año 2030? Opiniones de los interesados ​​nórdicos Los países nórdicos tienen ambiciosos objetivos de transición energética a través de políticas energéticas nacionales y en el marco de la cooperación nórdica. Proponemos que la transición será realista solo si involucra a los sectores público, privado y de las ONG como reguladores, innovadores y defensores de políticas y soluciones relevantes que representan la multitud de intereses involucrados. Examinamos estos intereses a través de experimentos de metodología Q, donde 43 partes interesadas expertas clasifican las declaraciones de orden con respecto a sus medidas de política preferidas en lo que tiene que ver con el sistema de energía eléctrica. El análisis factorial de estas vistas sostenidas subjetivamente produce tres vistas distintas. Las dos primeras gozan de un fuerte apoyo inter‐nórdico. La primera vista prioriza el desarrollo del mercado y la red, y la segunda, el transporte eléctrico, y la energía solar y eólica. La tercera, la vista ‘finlandesa’ busca mejorar la seguridad del suministro, también a través de microrredes, y prioriza los biocombustibles sobre el transporte eléctrico. Al examinar el terreno común entre los puntos de vista, encontramos que una mayor cooperación requiere una interacción reforzada de los interesados ​​y la coordinación de políticas.

Suggested Citation

  • Sarah Kilpeläinen & Pami Aalto & Pasi Toivanen & Pinja Lehtonen & Hannele Holttinen, 2019. "How to Achieve a More Resource‐Efficient and Climate‐Neutral Energy System by 2030? Views of Nordic Stakeholders," Review of Policy Research, Policy Studies Organization, vol. 36(4), pages 448-472, July.
  • Handle: RePEc:bla:revpol:v:36:y:2019:i:4:p:448-472
    DOI: 10.1111/ropr.12347
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    Cited by:

    1. Sarah Kilpeläinen, 2020. "Developing Nordic Cooperation in Renewable Electricity Policy: Exploring Views from Finland and Sweden," Politics and Governance, Cogitatio Press, vol. 8(4), pages 44-52.
    2. Peter Nijkamp & Karima Kourtit & Henk Scholten & Esmeralda Willemsen, 2023. "Citizen Participation and Knowledge Support in Urban Public Energy Transition—A Quadruple Helix Perspective," Land, MDPI, vol. 12(2), pages 1-17, February.
    3. Sarah Kilpeläinen, 2020. "Developing Nordic Cooperation in Renewable Electricity Policy: Exploring Views from Finland and Sweden," Politics and Governance, Cogitatio Press, vol. 8(4), pages 375-383.
    4. Anna Pääkkönen & Kalle Aro & Pami Aalto & Jukka Konttinen & Matti Kojo, 2019. "The Potential of Biomethane in Replacing Fossil Fuels in Heavy Transport—A Case Study on Finland," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(17), pages 1-19, August.

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