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Governing Unconventional Oil and Gas Extraction: The Case of Pennsylvania

Author

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  • Brian Alexander Chalfant
  • Caitlin C. Corrigan

Abstract

Over the past decade, directional drilling and hydraulic fracturing enabled an unconventional oil and gas extraction (UOGE) boom in many regions of the United States, including parts of Pennsylvania. This revolution has created serious concerns about the capability of existing institutions to govern important societal outcomes associated with UOGE. We present a conceptual framework for assessing key societal outcomes influenced by UOGE governance. In applying this framework to Pennsylvania, we discern certain institutional strengths that have allowed the Commonwealth to reap appreciable short‐term economic growth from rich resource endowments. We also find, however, that several institutional weaknesses have allowed costs externalized to the environment, public health, and community integrity to offset some proportion of those economic benefits. Likewise, we find that governance of UOGE in Pennsylvania has contributed to a bifurcated sociopolitical landscape wherein adversarial coalitions dispute the legitimacy of the industry and its governance. 近几十年来,定向钻井和水力压裂使得美国诸多地区的非传统石油天然气开采(unconventional oil and gas extraction, UOGE)迅速增加,这其中包括宾夕法尼亚州的部分地区。该开采行动已催生了有关现存制度在治理重要社会结果(与UOGE相关)时的能力的严肃顾虑。笔者提出一项概念框架,用于评估UOGE治理所影响的关键社会结果。为将此框架应用到宾夕法尼亚州,笔者识别出某些制度优势,后者已允许该州从丰富的资源禀赋中获取大量短期经济增长。然而笔者还发现,几个制度劣势已让环境、公共卫生、和社区完整性付出相应代价,以抵消部分比例的经济利益。同样,笔者发现,宾夕法尼亚州对UOGE的治理已促使社会政治景观产生分叉,其中相互对立的联盟在该产业合法性及产业治理上发生争执。 Durante la última década, la perforación direccional y la fracturación hidráulica permitieron un auge de extracción de petróleo y gas no convencional (UOGE) en muchas regiones de los Estados Unidos, incluidas partes de Pensilvania. Esta revolución ha creado serias preocupaciones sobre la capacidad de las instituciones existentes para gobernar los resultados sociales importantes asociados con UOGE. Presentamos un marco conceptual para evaluar los resultados sociales clave influenciados por la gobernanza de UOGE. Al aplicar este marco a Pensilvania, discernimos ciertas fortalezas institucionales que han permitido a la Mancomunidad cosechar un crecimiento económico apreciable a corto plazo gracias a las abundantes dotaciones de recursos. También encontramos, sin embargo, que varias debilidades institucionales han permitido que los costos externalizados al medio ambiente, la salud pública y la integridad de la comunidad compensen una cierta proporción de esos beneficios económicos. Del mismo modo, encontramos que el gobierno de UOGE en Pensilvania ha contribuido a un panorama sociopolítico bifurcado en el que las coaliciones adversas disputan la legitimidad de la industria y su gobierno.

Suggested Citation

  • Brian Alexander Chalfant & Caitlin C. Corrigan, 2019. "Governing Unconventional Oil and Gas Extraction: The Case of Pennsylvania," Review of Policy Research, Policy Studies Organization, vol. 36(1), pages 75-98, January.
  • Handle: RePEc:bla:revpol:v:36:y:2019:i:1:p:75-98
    DOI: 10.1111/ropr.12319
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