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Spread or backwash: The impact on population dynamics and business performance of a new road in a rural county of Galicia (Spain)

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  • David Peón
  • Jorge Rodríguez‐Álvarez
  • Edelmiro López‐Iglesias

Abstract

The natural experiment provided by the opening of a section that completed the A8 motorway in Mariña de Lugo, a rural area in Galicia (Spain), offers an opportunity to identify whether spread or backwash effects in economic activity are observed. The new section directly affects only a small strip of the territory—where the transition from the inland rural areas to the more dynamic coastal area takes place. This allows us to test a separate dual inner‐coastal socio‐economic performance after the opening of the new road—an analysis that has rarely been performed for rural areas in developed countries. We study the impact over population growth, employment and business financial results, using the differences‐in‐differences approach. The results we obtain are consistent with the spread hypothesis for the nearest municipality to the new road section, while the spread effects did not disseminate to the neighbouring municipalities. These global results hide a different performance at the sector level, positive for transport and manufacturing companies, and negative for retail firms and hospitality. El experimento natural que supone la apertura de un tramo que completa la autopista A8 en Mariña de Lugo, una zona rural de Galicia (España), ofrece la oportunidad de identificar si se observan efectos de dispersión o de contra corriente en la actividad económica. El nuevo tramo afecta directamente tan sólo a una pequeña franja del territorio, donde tiene lugar la transición de las zonas rurales interiores a la zona costera, más dinámica. Esto nos permite evaluar separadamente el desempeño socioeconómico dual interior–costero tras la apertura de la nueva carretera, lo cuál es un análisis que rara vez se ha llevado a cabo en zonas rurales de países desarrollados. Se estudió el impacto sobre el crecimiento de la población, el empleo y los resultados financieros de las empresas por medio del enfoque de diferencias en diferencias. Los resultados obtenidos son consistentes con la hipótesis de dispersión para el municipio más cercano al nuevo tramo de carretera, mientras que los efectos de dispersión no se extendieron a los municipios vecinos. Estos resultados globales ocultan un desempeño diferente a nivel sectorial, positivo para las empresas de transporte y manufactura, y negativo para las empresas minoristas y de hostelería. ガリシア州 (スペイン)の農村部である、マリナ・デ・ルーゴ (Mariña de Lugo)の高速道路A8号線の完成となる最後の区間が開通したことにより、経済活動に拡張効果または逆流効果が認められるかどうかを特定する自然実験が可能となった。新しい区間は、その領域 (内陸部の農村地域からより活気のある沿岸地域へと移り変わる)の一部にのみ直接的に影響する。これにより、新区間の開通後の内陸~沿岸部における二重の社会経済パフォーマンスを検証することが可能になるが、これは先進国の農村部を対象としてはほとんど行われていない分析である。差分の差分法によるアプローチを用いて、人口増加、雇用、企業の業績に対する影響を調べる。結果は、新しい道路区間に最も近い行政区域に拡大した仮説に一致しているが、近隣の行政区域にはその拡張効果は認められなかった。この全体的な結果は、輸送交通および製造業の企業ではプラス、小売業やホスピタリティ産業はマイナスとなり、セクターレベルでパフォーマンスが異なることを不可視化している。

Suggested Citation

  • David Peón & Jorge Rodríguez‐Álvarez & Edelmiro López‐Iglesias, 2019. "Spread or backwash: The impact on population dynamics and business performance of a new road in a rural county of Galicia (Spain)," Papers in Regional Science, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 98(6), pages 2479-2502, December.
  • Handle: RePEc:bla:presci:v:98:y:2019:i:6:p:2479-2502
    DOI: 10.1111/pirs.12463
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    Cited by:

    1. Luisa Alamá-Sabater & Miguel Ángel Márquez & Emili Tortosa-Ausina & Júlia Cravo, 2022. "Are semi-urban spillovers the answer to left-behind places in rural Europe? The case of the Portuguese municipalities," Working Papers 2022/14, Economics Department, Universitat Jaume I, Castellón (Spain).
    2. Yun Li & Ming Xu & Juncheng Dai & Zhenshan Yang & Zhe Cheng, 2023. "Examining the Impact of Infrastructure Financialization on Uneven Regional Development: Evidence from China," Land, MDPI, vol. 12(3), pages 1-12, March.
    3. Kiros Tsegay & Hongzhong Fan & Hailay Shifare & Priyangani Adikari, 2021. "The role of small town in household livelihood diversification in Ethiopia rural areas," International Journal of Research in Business and Social Science (2147-4478), Center for the Strategic Studies in Business and Finance, vol. 10(7), pages 230-241, October.

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