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Neural optimal stopping boundary

Author

Listed:
  • Andres Max Reppen
  • Halil Mete Soner
  • Valentin Tissot‐Daguette

Abstract

A method based on deep artificial neural networks and empirical risk minimization is developed to calculate the boundary separating the stopping and continuation regions in optimal stopping. The algorithm parameterizes the stopping boundary as the graph of a function and introduces relaxed stopping rules based on fuzzy boundaries to facilitate efficient optimization. Several financial instruments, some in high dimensions, are analyzed through this method, demonstrating its effectiveness. The existence of the stopping boundary is also proved under natural structural assumptions.

Suggested Citation

  • Andres Max Reppen & Halil Mete Soner & Valentin Tissot‐Daguette, 2025. "Neural optimal stopping boundary," Mathematical Finance, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 35(2), pages 441-469, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:bla:mathfi:v:35:y:2025:i:2:p:441-469
    DOI: 10.1111/mafi.12450
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Daniel Chee & Noufel Frikha & Libo Li, 2026. "A Monotone Limit Approach to Entropy-Regularized American Options," Université Paris1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (Post-Print and Working Papers) hal-05520656, HAL.
    2. Daniel Chee & Noufel Frikha & Libo Li, 2026. "A Monotone Limit Approach to Entropy-Regularized American Options," Papers 2602.18062, arXiv.org.
    3. Daniel Chee & Noufel Frikha & Libo Li, 2026. "Entropy-regularized penalization schemes for American options and reflected BSDEs with singular generators," Université Paris1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (Post-Print and Working Papers) hal-05520660, HAL.
    4. Junyan Ye & Hoi Ying Wong & Kyunghyun Park, 2025. "Robust Exploratory Stopping under Ambiguity in Reinforcement Learning," Papers 2510.10260, arXiv.org, revised Apr 2026.
    5. Daniel Chee & Noufel Frikha & Libo Li, 2026. "Entropy-regularized penalization schemes and reflected BSDEs with singular generators," Papers 2602.18078, arXiv.org, revised Mar 2026.
    6. Noufel Frikha & Libo Li & Daniel Chee, 2025. "An Entropy Regularized BSDE Approach to Bermudan Options and Games," Université Paris1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (Post-Print and Working Papers) hal-05265653, HAL.

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