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The Recovery of World Labor Markets and the U. S. Monetary Stance: Rationale and Evidence

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  • B. S. Felmingham

Abstract

U. S. monetary impulses may be transmitted to foreign unemployment through two channels: in the first (Keynesian) channel U. S. monetary expansion boosts the U. S. demand for domestic and foreign production. This leads to an export led recovery in foreign countries. The second (monetarist) channel depends on the usual balance of payments adjustment: U. S. monetary expansion which increases foreign money supplies initiates real recovery provided foreign business cycles respond to the monetary adjustment. The spectral analysis of individual time series for U. S. and foreign unemployment over the period 1960(2) to 1980(2) reveal dominant cycles in each series coinciding with the periodicity of the business cycle. The main arguments of the study are tested in ten separate cross spectral studies of the U. S. money stock and foreign unemployment. The following general conclusion emerges: U. S. monetary expansion promises to reduce unemployment in some foreign states, but has no effect in others. This conclusion does not support the case for U. S. monetary expansion, as the effect on world unemployment is not universal, but the potential costs in the form of higher inflation remain. Monetäre Impulse der Vereinigten Staaten können auf zwei Arten auf die Arbeitslo‐sigkeit im Ausland wirken. Im keynesianischen Fall führt die Steigerung der inländi‐schen Nachfrage zu einer exportinduzierten Erholung im Ausland. Im monetaristi‐schen Fall führt die gestiegene Nachfrage nach ausländischem Kapital zur Erholung im Ausland, vorausgesetzt dass die ausiändischen Konjunkturzyklen auf monetäre Anpassungen reagieren. Untersucht wird mil Hilfe von Spektralanalysen der U. S.‐Geldmengenentwicklung und der zyklischen Varianten der Arbeitslosigkeit in 10 ausländischen Staaten für die Zeit von 1960(2) bis 1980(2). Es wird festgestellt, dass die Geldmengenexpansion in den Vereinigten Staaten die Arbeitslosigkeit in einem Teil des Auslandes reduziert, in einem anderen Teil aber ohne Wirkung bleibt. L'élan monétaire américain peut «re communiqué au chômage extérieur par deux voies; dans la premièe voie (keynesienne) I'essor monktaire des Etats‐Unis accroît la demande américaine pour la production interieure et extérieure. Ceci conduit à un redressement économique aboutissant à I'exportation dans les pays étrangers. La seconde voie (monetariste) dépend de I'habituel ajustement de la balance de paiements: Le développement monétaire des Etats‐Unis, qui augmente la réserve de monnaie étrangère, inaugure un redressement économique réel, à condition que les cycles des chiffres d'affaires extérieurs répondent à l'ajustement monétaire. L'analyse spectrale des séries de temps trimestrielles individuelles pour le chômage américain et le chômage extérieur pour la période 1960(2) à 1980(2) laisse voir des cycles dominants dans chaque serie, coïncidant avec la periodicité du cycle des chiffres d'affaires. Les arguments principaux de cette recherche sont examinés dans 10 etudes separées qui couvrent tout l'eventail de la réserve monétaire des Etats‐Unis et du chômage exterieur. La conclusion générale suivante émerge; l'essor monetaire américain promet de réduire le chômage dans quelques états étrangers, mais reste sans effet dans d'autres.

Suggested Citation

  • B. S. Felmingham, 1984. "The Recovery of World Labor Markets and the U. S. Monetary Stance: Rationale and Evidence," Kyklos, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 37(3), pages 424-443, August.
  • Handle: RePEc:bla:kyklos:v:37:y:1984:i:3:p:424-443
    DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-6435.1984.tb00710.x
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