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Cyclical Fluctuations In The Share Of Corporate Profits In National Income

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  • Scott B. Brown

Abstract

This paper investigates some of the determinants of the decline in corporate profits as a share of national income in six industrial countries. First, it presents evidence that much of the decline in the profits share has resulted from changes in the distribution of gross profits among dividends, interest, and retained earnings, apparently due to rising corporate debt/equity ratios. Second, the paper examines the cyclical behavior of the gross profits share. Estimates of the normal cyclical behavior of profits shares suggest that much of the recent decline in profits shares is a normal response to weak economic activity. Finally, the techniques used to estimate cyclically normal profits shares suggest that in most of these countries the profits share has been below its full‐employment level during the 1970's. Im vorliegenden Aufsatz werden für sechs Industrieländer einige Ursachen, die für den Rückgang des Anteils der Gewinne am Nationaleinkommen verantwortlich sind, untersucht. Erstens wird gezeigt, dass ein Grossteil dieses Rückganges auf Änderungen in der Aufteilung der Bruttogewinne auf Dividenden, Zinseinkommen and unverteilte Gewinne zurückzuführen ist, anscheinend als Folge eines steigenden Verhältnisses von Fremd‐ zu Eigenkapital. Zweitens wird die Entwicklung des Bruttogewinnanteils im Konjunkturablauf betrachtet. Die Daten lassen vermuten, dass der kürzlich erfolgte Rückgang der Profitquote hauptsächlich die üblicherweise eintretende Folge geringerer wirtschaftlicher Aktivität ist. Aufgrund einer Schätzung der im Konjunkturablauf normalen Entwicklung des Gewinnanteils gelangt man zum Ergebnis, dass in den siebziger Jahren in den meisten betrachteten Ländern die Profitquote unter dem Vollbeschäftigungsniveau lag. Cet article analyse les causes de la diminution de la proportion des bénéfices des sociétés dans le revenu national de six pays industrialisés. L'auteur démontre tout d'abord qu'une part importante de cette diminution peut être attribuée à. des modifications dans la répartition des profits bruts entre les dividendes, l'intérêt et l'autofinancement, modifications dues apparemment à l'augmentation des ratios dettes/fonds propres. Dans une seconde partie, l'auteur examine le comportement cyclique de la proportion des profits bruts. Des évaluations du comportement cyclique normal laissent supposer que la récente diminution de cette proportion est essentiellement la conséquence logique d'une activitééconomique ralentie. Enfin, les techniques utilisées pour cette évaluation indiquent que dans la plupart de ces pays, la proportion des bénéfices se situe en dessous de son niveau de plein emploi depuis le début des années soixante‐dix.

Suggested Citation

  • Scott B. Brown, 1978. "Cyclical Fluctuations In The Share Of Corporate Profits In National Income," Kyklos, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 31(2), pages 191-207, May.
  • Handle: RePEc:bla:kyklos:v:31:y:1978:i:2:p:191-207
    DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-6435.1978.tb00795.x
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