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Interactions Among Labor, Goods, And Money Markets

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  • Stephen Enke

Abstract

The analysis relates the labor market, capital market, and money market of an economy in aggregate terms. A feature is that the savings rate from non‐labor income is assumed different (higher) than that from labor income. Consequently, as total employment varies at different wage rates, and total output is redistributed between labor and non‐labor (capital), aggregate savings and investment vary. If the effective ex ante demand for investment and consumption goods exceeds national output, prices rise, effective stock of money declines, interest rates rise, savings increase and demand for investment goods falls. Given human propensities to work, save, hoard, etc., it is shown that the prices on goods, money, and labor all relate in a particular way that should tend to equilibrium. (Assuming different savings rates on different factor incomes means that the traditional savings‐to‐income schedule is a non‐construct.) In dieser Analyse werden in aggregierter Form Arbeits‐, Kapital‐ und Geldmarkt in einen Zusammenhang gebracht. Dabei nimmt die Sparquote aus Nichtarbeitseinkommen einen anderen (höheren) Wert an als diejenige aus Arbeitseinkommen. Infolgedessen verandern sich totale Ersparnis and Investition, wenn die Beschaftigung bei verschiedenen Lohnsatzen unterschiedlich hoch ist and das Gesamtprodukt zwischen Arbeit and Kapital umverteilt wird. Übertrifft die effektive ex‐ante‐Nachfrage nach Investitions‐ and Konsumgütern das Sozialprodukt, werden die Preise steigen, die effektive Geldmcnge sinken, die Zinssätze and Ersparnisse steigen and die Nachfrage nach Investitionsgütern fallen. Bei gegebenen Grenzneigungen zum Sparen, Arbeiten usw. kann gezeigt werden, dass die Preise von Giitern, Arbeitskraft and Geld alle in einer bestimmten Weise zusammenhängen, die sie zu einem Gleichgewicht tendieren lässt. (Die Annahme unterschiedlicher Sparquoten fur verschiedene Faktoreinkommen bedeutet, dass die herkömmliche Sparfunktion nicht sinnvoll ist.) Le présent article analyse les marchés du travail et du capital, le marché financier en termes d'agrégats. Caractéristique est le fait que le taux d'épargne pour un revenu issu du capital soit considers comme etant different de celui issu du travail. Par conséquent, comme 1'emploi global varie avec les différents taux de salaire et comme le produit global est redistribué entre le travail et le capital, 1'ensemble de l'épargne et des investissements varie. Dans le cas oil la demande effective ex ante des biens d'investissement et des biens de consommation est superieure au produit national, les prix montent, les stocks monétaires effectifs baissent, les taux d'intérêt croissent, 1'épargne augmente et la demande de biens d'investissement décline. Pour des propensions à travailler, àépargner, à thésauriser, etc., données, on pent montrer que les prix des biens, ceux de la force de travail et de la monnaie sont, dans une certaine mesure, dépendants les uns des autres, ce qui les ferait tendre vers 1'équilibre. (L'hypothèse de taux d'épargne différents, relatifs aux revenus des différents facteurs, montre bien que la fonction traditionnelle d'épargne n'est pas significative.)

Suggested Citation

  • Stephen Enke, 1971. "Interactions Among Labor, Goods, And Money Markets," Kyklos, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 24(2), pages 207-222, May.
  • Handle: RePEc:bla:kyklos:v:24:y:1971:i:2:p:207-222
    DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-6435.1971.tb00806.x
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