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Estimating smooth monotone functions

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  • J. O. Ramsay

Abstract

Many situations call for a smooth strictly monotone function f of arbitrary flexibility. The family of functions defined by the differential equation D 2f =w Df, where w is an unconstrained coefficient function comprises the strictly monotone twice differentiable functions. The solution to this equation is f = C0 + C1 D−1{exp(D−1w)}, where C0 and C1 are arbitrary constants and D−1 is the partial integration operator. A basis for expanding w is suggested that permits explicit integration in the expression of f. In fitting data, it is also useful to regularize f by penalizing the integral of w2 since this is a measure of the relative curvature in f. Applications are discussed to monotone nonparametric regression, to the transformation of the dependent variable in non‐linear regression and to density estimation.

Suggested Citation

  • J. O. Ramsay, 1998. "Estimating smooth monotone functions," Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series B, Royal Statistical Society, vol. 60(2), pages 365-375.
  • Handle: RePEc:bla:jorssb:v:60:y:1998:i:2:p:365-375
    DOI: 10.1111/1467-9868.00130
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