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Generalist CEOs and stock price crash risk

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  • Xiaohua Fang
  • Claudia Girardone
  • Yiwei Li
  • Yeqin Zeng

Abstract

We investigate whether generalist chief executive officers (CEOs), that is, CEOs who gain transferable skills across firms and industries, have less incentive to hoard bad news. To address endogeneity concerns stemming from firm–CEO matching, we deploy a difference‐in‐differences method utilizing exogenous CEO turnovers, propensity score matching and entropy balancing matching methods, and Oster's coefficient stability test. Supporting our conjecture, we find a negative relation between CEOs’ general ability index (GAI) and future stock price crash risk. The effect of CEOs’ GAI on crash risk is stronger when labor demand is stronger and when firms have more agency conflicts. Our analysis further suggests that generalist CEOs attenuate crash risk by increasing conditional accounting conservatism and reducing real earnings management. Taken together, our findings highlight the role of CEOs’ general human capital in increasing their tolerance for failure and mitigating the agency problem.

Suggested Citation

  • Xiaohua Fang & Claudia Girardone & Yiwei Li & Yeqin Zeng, 2025. "Generalist CEOs and stock price crash risk," Journal of Business Finance & Accounting, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 52(1), pages 182-221, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:bla:jbfnac:v:52:y:2025:i:1:p:182-221
    DOI: 10.1111/jbfa.12804
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