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Megalopolis 50 Years On: The Transformation of a City Region

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  • THOMAS J. VICINO
  • BERNADETTE HANLON
  • JOHN RENNIE SHORT

Abstract

This article examines Megalopolis 50 years after Gottmann’s seminal study of the most urbanized region of the US Eastern Seaboard. His study provides an invaluable datum point, and we use it as a benchmark for reexamining the socio‐spatial transformations of a city region. After redefining Megalopolis and showing major aggregate trends since 1950, we analyze 39 selected variables for place level census data for 2,353 places to perform a principal components analysis (PCA). Our analysis shows that Megalopolis remains a significant center for the nation’s population and economic activity. A half century of urban restructuring demonstrates that the forces of urban decentralization have made the region a more fully suburbanized agglomeration. We reveal a complex socioeconomic pattern of a vast urban area structured by class, education, housing tenure, housing age, and race and ethnicity. The cluster analysis reveals five distinct clusters of urban places identified by our PCA: ‘affluent places’, ‘places of poverty’, ‘Black middle class places’, ‘immigrant gateway places’ and ‘middle America places’. Résumé Il s’agit ici de revenir sur Mégalopolis 50 ans après l’étude majeure de Gottmann sur la région la plus urbanisée du littoral Est des Etats‐Unis. Son étude procure un point de départ inestimable utilisé ici comme référence à partir de laquelle rééxaminer les transformations socio‐spatiales d’une région métropolitaine. Dans un premier temps, ce travail redéfinit Mégalopolis et présente les grandes tendances à la concentration depuis 1950. Il analyse ensuite 39 variables choisies, portant sur les données de recensement des lieux par niveau (2.353 lieux traités), afin d’effectuer une analyse en composantes principales (PCA). Celle‐ci montre que Mégalopolis demeure un nœud important pour la population et l’activitééconomique nationales. Un demi‐siècle de restructuration urbaine met en évidence que, à cause des forces de décentralisation urbaine, la région est devenue une agglomération aux banlieues plus étendues. Il se dégage un schéma socioéconomique complexe propre à une vaste zone urbaine structurée par classe, niveau d’éducation, type de jouissance du logement, ancienneté des habitations, ainsi que par race et ethnicité. Une analyse des pôles (clusters) révèlent cinq pôles de lieux urbains repérés par l’analyse PCA: ‘lieux aisés’, ‘lieux pauvres’, ‘lieux pour classes moyennes noires’, ‘lieux d’entrée des immigrants’, et ‘lieux pour Américains moyens’.

Suggested Citation

  • Thomas J. Vicino & Bernadette Hanlon & John Rennie Short, 2007. "Megalopolis 50 Years On: The Transformation of a City Region," International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 31(2), pages 344-367, June.
  • Handle: RePEc:bla:ijurrs:v:31:y:2007:i:2:p:344-367
    DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-2427.2007.00728.x
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    Cited by:

    1. Zitti, Marco & Efstathios Grigoriadis & Luca Salvati, 2017. "Beyond the 'Divided City': a manifesto for spatially-balanced, sprawl-free post-crisis metropolises," Review of Applied Socio-Economic Research, Pro Global Science Association, vol. 13(1), pages 95-109, JUNE.
    2. Hu, Xinlei & Wang, Xiaokun (Cara) & Ni, Linglin & Shi, Feng, 2022. "The impact of intercity economic complementarity on HSR volume in the context of megalopolization," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 98(C).
    3. Kostas RONTOS & Marco ZITTI & Luca SALVATI, 2017. "Past, Present And Future: Expansion With (And Without) Growth In Urban Systems Under A Structural Crisis," Theoretical and Empirical Researches in Urban Management, Research Centre in Public Administration and Public Services, Bucharest, Romania, vol. 12(3), pages 16-31, April.
    4. Luca Salvati & Vittorio Gargiulo Morelli, 2014. "Unveiling Urban Sprawl in the Mediterranean Region: Towards a Latent Urban Transformation?," International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 38(6), pages 1935-1953, November.
    5. Gilles Sénécal & Pierre J. Hamel & Jean-Pierre Collin & Kathryn Jastremski & Nathalie Vachon & Marie-Ève Lafortune, 2013. "Daily Mobility and Residential Migrations in the Montréal Metropolitan Region," SAGE Open, , vol. 3(3), pages 21582440134, June.
    6. Luca Salvati & Margherita Carlucci & Pere Serra, 2018. "Unraveling latent dimensions of the urban mosaic: A multi-criteria spatial approach to metropolitan transformations," Environment and Planning A, , vol. 50(1), pages 93-110, February.
    7. José G. Vargas-Hernández & Justyna Zdunek-Wielgołaska, 2021. "Urban green infrastructure as a tool for controlling the resilience of urban sprawl," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 23(2), pages 1335-1354, February.
    8. Qingfang Wang, 2010. "The Earnings Effect Of Ethnic Labour Market Concentration Under Multi‐Racial Metropolitan Contexts In The United States," Tijdschrift voor Economische en Sociale Geografie, Royal Dutch Geographical Society KNAG, vol. 101(2), pages 161-176, April.

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