IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/bla/ijurrs/v29y2005i2p268-282.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Social, Economic and Civil Vulnerability in the United States, France and Brazil

Author

Listed:
  • LÚCIO KOWARICK

Abstract

This article analyzes the evolution of the debate on socio‐economic vulnerability, both in the United States and France, as well as commenting on the contemporary situation in Brazil. In the US study, which draws on the concept of ‘underclass’, the debate is openly political‐ideological — blaming the victims (or not) for their marginalization and anomie — which has made some authors regard the so‐called ‘well‐being programs’ as responsible for promoting a culture of dependency and family breakdown. In the French study, by contrast and following the republican tradition, both the diagnoses and proposals emphasize the need for a strong state presence to provide a means of reinserting the marginalized groups. The article doesn’t attempt a critical evaluation of the literature, but making use of seminal works it aims to show that the parameters of the theoretical and empirical problem depend on the particularities of each national political ambience. The final section on Brazilian society focuses on the marginality‐dependency debate of the 1970s and on what can be termed a process of disenfranchisement that affects the urban poor. Final comments are made concerning the matrix of extreme inequalities characterizing Brazilian society vis‐à‐vis the French and American cases. Cet article analyse l’évolution du débat sur la vulnérabilité socio‐économique, tant aux Etats‐Unis qu’en France, puis commente la situation brésilienne contemporaine. La partie américaine de l’étude, basée sur le concept de ‘quart‐monde’, présente un débat délibérément politico‐idéologique qui reproche aux victimes (ou non) leur marginalisation et leur anomie; selon certains auteurs, les programmes dits de ‘bien‐être’ portent la responsabilité d’encourager une culture de dépendance et de décomposition familiale. Dans la partie française, au contraire et en toute tradition républicaine, diagnostics et propositions soulignent le besoin d’une forte présence étatique comme moyen de réinsérer les groupes marginalisés. Sans se livrer à une revue de la littérature disponible, l’article exploite les travaux influents pour montrer que les paramètres de la problématique théorique et empirique dépendent des spécificités de chaque environnement politique national. La dernière partie, sur la société brésilienne, se consacre au débat marginalité/dépendance des années 1970 et à ce qu’on peut appeler un processus de désaffranchissement qui touche les pauvres des villes. La conclusion commente le nid d’extrêmes inégalités qui caractérise la société brésilienne par rapport à la France et aux Etats‐Unis.

Suggested Citation

  • Lúcio Kowarick, 2005. "Social, Economic and Civil Vulnerability in the United States, France and Brazil," International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 29(2), pages 268-282, June.
  • Handle: RePEc:bla:ijurrs:v:29:y:2005:i:2:p:268-282
    DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-2427.2005.00584.x
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2427.2005.00584.x
    Download Restriction: no

    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1111/j.1468-2427.2005.00584.x?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    More about this item

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:bla:ijurrs:v:29:y:2005:i:2:p:268-282. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    We have no bibliographic references for this item. You can help adding them by using this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Wiley Content Delivery (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.blackwellpublishing.com/journal.asp?ref=0309-1317 .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.