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Reminiscences of the relief of Leiden: a total ritual event

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  • Peter J.M. Nas
  • Anja Roymans

Abstract

This article examines the Third of October festivities in the city of Leiden, The Netherlands, held in commemoration of its relief from the Spanish siege in 1574. These festivities are defined as a total urban ritual event and put in a historical perspective. They include all sorts of activities such as the handing out of herring and white bread, the eating of a beef stew, reveille, choral singing, a solemn church service of thanksgiving, and the funfair and market selling a variety of wares. The meaning of the core rituals is analysed at three levels. At its most profound level, this total urban ritual event is conceived in relation to the basic value dichotomy of life and death, which is expressed in the use of space during the festivities. At the level of intergroup relations, the exchange of food is seen as an important form of gift exchange which defines the relationships. At the institutional level, the interplay of city, state and church is shown to be crucial to the understanding of the main ritual activities. The Leiden Third of October festivities, analysed as a total urban ritual event, unveil the inversion of power relations and the celebration of common social interaction. — Cet article examine les festivités du Trois Octobre dans la ville de Leiden aux Pays‐Bas qui commémorent sa délivrance du siège espagnol en 1574. Ces festivités sont définies comme un événement rituel urbain total et présentées dans une perspective historique. Elles comprennent toutes sortes d’activités comme la remise de hareng et de pain blanc, le manger du ragoût de boeuf, le réveil, des choeurs, l’office solennel du jour d’action de grâce, la foire et le marché où l’on vend une variété d’articles. La signification de ces rituels centraux est analysée sur trois niveaux. Au niveau le plus profond, ce rituel urbain total est conçu par rapport a la valeur de base de la dichotomie vie‐mort qui est exprimée dans l’utilisation de l’espace pendant les festivités. Au niveau des relations entre groupes, l’échange de nourriture est vu comme une forme importante de l’échange du don qui définit les relations. Au niveau institutionnel, il est démontré que l’interaction de la ville, de l’état, et de l’église est cruciale pour comprendre les activités rituelles principales. Les festivités du Trois Octobre à Leiden, analysées en tant qu’événement rituel urbain total, révèlent l’inversion des relations de pouvoir et la célébration de l’interaction sociale commune.

Suggested Citation

  • Peter J.M. Nas & Anja Roymans, 1998. "Reminiscences of the relief of Leiden: a total ritual event," International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 22(4), pages 550-564, December.
  • Handle: RePEc:bla:ijurrs:v:22:y:1998:i:4:p:550-564
    DOI: 10.1111/1468-2427.00160
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