Effect of chronic disease self‐management program on the quality of life of HIV‐infected men who have sex with men: An empirical study in Shanghai, China

Objectives The HIV/AIDS epidemic rages on in China, particularly among men who have sex with men (MSM). MSM with HIV/AIDS also tend to have poorer quality of life than other members of the population. A major contributor to these issues is the huge gap between the increasing demand of MSM for medical services and the availability of such services; their current needs cannot be met only with the services of the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention. The aim of the present study was to examine the quality of life of MSM with HIV/AIDS in Shanghai, as well as determine whether it is influenced by chronic disease self‐management (CDSM). Methods We conducted a pre‐post study to evaluate the effect of CDSM on participants' quality of life. Four hundred twenty participants were assigned to either the CDSM group (n = 210) or the control group (n = 210). We collected data on quality of life (using the Medical Outcomes Study HIV Health Survey [MOS‐HIV]) and various psychological and behavioral variables via interviewer‐administered questionnaires. Results The physical and mental health summary scores of the MOS‐HIV were 53.7 and 49.9, respectively. The CDSM group showed a significant improvement in quality of life and a significant decrease in the proportion of participants with anxiety symptoms (from 38.6% to 22.6%). Furthermore, the frequency of condom use increased from 43.3% to 47.3%. Conclusion MSM with HIV generally had low quality of life in Shanghai. The CDSM program might help promote the quality of life of MSM while helping them practice healthy behaviors.