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India: Developmental challenges faced by a dual economy

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  • Yuqing Yang

Abstract

With a population of over 1.4 billion surpassing China's in 2023, India has now become the world's most populous country. Despite its robust IT and service sectors propelling it to become the fifth‐largest economy, India still grapples with low GDP per capita and significant poverty. The paradoxical nature of India's development necessitates a closer examination of its governance. Over 90% of the Indian population works outside the purview of formal democratic institutions and capital‐intensive economic sectors. Challenges arise from the need to sustain a large poor population with limited resources while catering to the formal sector that generates more than half of its GDP. India's governance exhibits a deep mismatch between its institutional design, politics and developmental needs. This article explores the duality of informal and formal sectors underlying challenges in Indian governance by way of the Berggruen Governance Index.

Suggested Citation

  • Yuqing Yang, 2023. "India: Developmental challenges faced by a dual economy," Global Policy, London School of Economics and Political Science, vol. 14(S4), pages 104-112, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:bla:glopol:v:14:y:2023:i:s4:p:104-112
    DOI: 10.1111/1758-5899.13272
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    1. Anindya Bhattacharya & Anirban Kar & Sunil Kumar & Alita Nandi, 2018. "Patronage and power in rural India: a study based on interaction networks," Discussion Papers 18/19, Department of Economics, University of York.
    2. Jadhav Chakradhar & Arun Kumar Bairwa, 2020. "Employment Probabilities And Workforce Distribution In The Indian Manufacturing Sector: A State-Level Analysis," Bulletin of Monetary Economics and Banking, Bank Indonesia, vol. 23(1), pages 55-82.
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