Author
Listed:
- Nieyan Cheng
- Wendong Zhang
- Tao Xiong
Abstract
Agricultural water pollution from the livestock industry is a growing concern in China and globally. Since 2014, China classified eight urban provinces in the southeast as a development control zone (DCZ), which prohibits new hog facility construction and encourages hog farms to relocate to other regions. Leveraging synthetic difference‐in‐differences (SDID), we systematically analyze the impacts of such place‐based regulations on the hog industry and water pollution, especially revealing heterogenous responses. Our results show that, on average, the regulations led to heterogenous reductions in hog inventories both within and across DCZ provinces, mainly resulting from the closures of existing hog farms. The effects range from a 2% increase to 40% hog inventory reduction, equivalent to a loss of over U.S. $5.06 billion in the DCZ hog sectoral revenue. We explore three channels to explain the heterogeneity: counties upstream of big cities, counties designated as main hog counties, and counties with drinking water sources serve as origins of the heterogenous effects. However, we find no significant water quality improvement. La pollution de l'eau agricole causée par l'industrie de l'élevage est une préoccupation croissante en Chine et dans le monde entier. Depuis 2014, la Chine a classé huit provinces urbaines du sud‐est comme zone de contrôle du développement (ZCD), interdisant la construction de nouvelles installations d'élevage de porcs et encourageant les fermes porcines à se relocaliser dans d'autres régions. En utilisant la méthode de la différence en différences synthétique (SDID), nous analysons systématiquement les impacts de ces réglementations territoriales sur l'industrie porcine et la pollution de l'eau, en mettant en lumière des réponses hétérogènes. Nos résultats montrent que, en moyenne, ces réglementations ont conduit à des réductions hétérogènes des inventaires de porcs, tant au sein des provinces ZCD qu'entre elles, principalement en raison de la fermeture des fermes porcines existantes. Les effets varient entre une augmentation de 2 % et une réduction de 40 % des inventaires de porcs, ce qui équivaut à une perte de plus de 5,06 milliards de dollars américains dans les revenus sectoriels des provinces ZCD. Nous explorons trois canaux pour expliquer cette hétérogénéité: les comtés situés en amont des grandes villes, les comtés désignés comme principaux producteurs porcins et les comtés avec des sources d'eau potable, qui sont à l'origine des effets hétérogènes. Cependant, nous n'avons constaté aucune amélioration significative de la qualité de l'eau.
Suggested Citation
Nieyan Cheng & Wendong Zhang & Tao Xiong, 2025.
"Heterogenous impact of China's place‐based environmental regulations on its hog industry: A synthetic difference‐in‐differences approach,"
Canadian Journal of Agricultural Economics/Revue canadienne d'agroeconomie, Canadian Agricultural Economics Society/Societe canadienne d'agroeconomie, vol. 73(2), pages 203-223, June.
Handle:
RePEc:bla:canjag:v:73:y:2025:i:2:p:203-223
DOI: 10.1111/cjag.12386
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