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Science and Environmental Policy‐Making: Bias‐Proofing the Assessment Process

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  • Ross McKitrick

Abstract

Scientific assessment panels are playing increasingly influential roles in national and international policy formation. Although they typically appeal to the standard of journal peer review as their quality control criterion, there seems to be confusion about what peer review actually does. It is, at best, a necessary condition of reliability, but not a sufficient condition. There is also the problem that assessment panels may be biased in favor of one side or another when evaluating areas in which the science is unclear. In this paper I argue that additional checks and balances are needed on the information going into scientific assessment reports when it will be used to justify major policy investments. I propose two new mechanisms to bias‐proof the outcome: an Audit Panel and a Counterweight Panel. The need for such mechanisms is discussed with reference to the “hockey stick” debate in climate change. Les comités scientifiques d'évaluation jouent des rôles de plus en plus influents dans la formulation des politiques nationales et internationales. Bien que pour les revues scientifiques, la révision par les pairs représente un critère pour assurer le contrôle de la qualité, la confusion semble régner quant au rôle de cette révision par les pairs. Elle est, au mieux, une condition nécessaire pour assurer la fiabilité, sans être toutefois une condition suffisante. Il y a aussi le fait que les comités d'évaluation peuvent avoir un parti pris pour un aspect ou un autre lorsqu'ils évaluent des domaines où la science n'est pas claire. Dans le présent article, nous avons maintenu que l'information publiée dans les rapports d'évaluation scientifique devrait faire l'objet de vérifications supplémentaires lorsqu'elle est utilisée pour justifier d'importants investissements en matière de politique. Nous avons proposé deux mécanismes pour vérifier et contre‐vérifier les résultats: créer un comité de vérification et un comité de contre‐vérification. Nous avons discuté de la nécessité d'instaurer ce genre de mécanismes en faisant référence au débat sur les changements climatiques.

Suggested Citation

  • Ross McKitrick, 2005. "Science and Environmental Policy‐Making: Bias‐Proofing the Assessment Process," Canadian Journal of Agricultural Economics/Revue canadienne d'agroeconomie, Canadian Agricultural Economics Society/Societe canadienne d'agroeconomie, vol. 53(4), pages 275-290, December.
  • Handle: RePEc:bla:canjag:v:53:y:2005:i:4:p:275-290
    DOI: 10.1111/j.1744-7976.2005.00019.x
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