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Is Natural Medicine Necessarily Kinder to Animals Than Modern Medicine? The Use of Bears in Traditional Chinese Medicine

Author

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  • Zhao Shichang
  • Li Jiarui
  • Tang Qing

Abstract

It is commonly assumed that natural and traditional medicine is inherently more ethical than modern, industrialized practices. However, this article challenges that assumption by highlighting the cruelty and immorality associated with bear bile extraction. The article argues that the most effective solutions to this problem lie in the development and promotion of synthetic and herbal alternatives, specifically artificial bear bile. Scientists have successfully developed synthetic ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA), the key active compound in bear bile, which can be produced without harming animals. Additionally, herbal alternatives, derived from specific plants, have demonstrated comparable medicinal properties. The success of artificial bear bile not only provides equivalent therapeutic benefits without animal exploitation but also opens new avenues for the revitalization of traditional Chinese medicine.

Suggested Citation

  • Zhao Shichang & Li Jiarui & Tang Qing, 2025. "Is Natural Medicine Necessarily Kinder to Animals Than Modern Medicine? The Use of Bears in Traditional Chinese Medicine," American Journal of Economics and Sociology, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 84(4), pages 599-604, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:bla:ajecsc:v:84:y:2025:i:4:p:599-604
    DOI: 10.1111/ajes.12632
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    1. Teresa Brevini & Mailis Maes & Gwilym J. Webb & Binu V. John & Claudia D. Fuchs & Gustav Buescher & Lu Wang & Chelsea Griffiths & Marnie L. Brown & William E. Scott & Pehuén Pereyra-Gerber & William T, 2023. "FXR inhibition may protect from SARS-CoV-2 infection by reducing ACE2," Nature, Nature, vol. 615(7950), pages 134-142, March.
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