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Envois de Fonds et Pauvreté en Afrique Subsaharienne: Le Rôle du Développement Financier

Author

Listed:
  • Koffi Yves Yao
  • Auguste K. Kouakou

Abstract

Cette étude analyse l'effet direct et indirect des transferts de fonds des migrants via le développement financier sur la pauvreté en Afrique subsaharienne. En utilisant la modélisation en équation structurelle, nous trouvons qu'une hausse de 1% des transferts en pourcentage du PIB réduit directement et uniquement l'incidence de la pauvreté de 0,454%. Par contre, le développement financier réduit tous les indicateurs de pauvreté Foster–Greer–Thorbecke. On note aussi, un effet indirect ou médiateur positif dû au fait que les envois de fonds se substituent au système financier peu développé ce qui limite leur effet indirect. Au contraire, s'ils amélioraient ou complétaient le développement financier, ils contribueraient davantage à la réduction de toutes les mesures de pauvretés Foster–Greer–Thorbecke. L'effet total des transferts reste négatif et significatif pour l'incidence de la pauvreté, mais limité pour les autres indicateurs. Ces résultats sont robustes aux méthodes alternatives et aux biais. Ainsi, une meilleure intégration des transferts et de leurs bénéficiaires dans le système financier pourra renforcer leur effet dans la réduction de la pauvreté. Elle facilitera également leur substitution progressive par des financements locaux adaptés pour limiter la dépendance aux envois de fonds et à l’émigration.

Suggested Citation

  • Koffi Yves Yao & Auguste K. Kouakou, 2026. "Envois de Fonds et Pauvreté en Afrique Subsaharienne: Le Rôle du Développement Financier," African Development Review, African Development Bank, vol. 38(1), March.
    • Handle: RePEc:bla:afrdev:v:38:y:2026:i:1:n:e70042
    DOI: 10.1111/1467-8268.70042
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    References listed on IDEAS

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