Adaptive Use of Recreational Pool Infrastructure: A Case for Enhancing Flexibility in Aquatic Recreational Centers in Obio/Akpor

Aquatic recreational centers are often designed as a single-purpose, event-driven infrastructure. These host many events, mostly for aquatic recreation. Within the aquatic recreational centers, there is also the pool infrastructure, which is the key focus of this study. The monofunctional design often leads to underutilization; therefore, there was a need for this study to find these adaptive strategies to make these facilities useful throughout their lifespan. This study critically examined the potential of applying adaptive strategies to enhance the functional flexibility of pool infrastructure within Obio/Akpor. The study was guided by two objectives: to examine adaptive strategies that can be integrated into recreational pool structures and to determine architectural design strategies that enable a single pool infrastructure to serve multiple users. A qualitative-method design was employed through literature review, case study analysis of three existing aquatic recreational centers – Derby Swimming Complex (United Kingdom), Northcote Aquatic Recreational Center (Australia), and MKO Abiola Stadium Swimming Complex (Nigeria) – and assessment of conceptual materials. Findings revealed that modular design elements, movable bulkheads, adjustable pool floors, reconfigurable deck systems, smart technology integrations, and inclusive access features significantly enhance operational efficiency and long-term sustainability. The study contributed to knowledge through a context-specific comparative framework, identifying why event-driven models fail, introducing pool geometry as a predictable variable for adaptive use, and an integrated model that combines structural flexibility, technological flexibility, technological integration, and user-centric design that is tailored to Obio/Akpor’s climate and demographic realities. The study concluded that adaptive strategies are integral to the success of aquatic recreational centers. It recommended adopting modular systems, the use of durable and moisture-resistant materials, real-time smart sensors, and user-centered planning strategies in future Nigerian aquatic developments.