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Antifungal, Antimicrobial and Larvicidal Activities of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Synthesized from the Leaf Extract of Balanites aegyptiaca

Author

Listed:
  • Wilson Lamayi Danbature

    (Department of Chemical Sciences, Gombe State University Gombe)

  • Baba Mushemi Lawan

    (Department of Chemical Sciences, Gombe State University Gombe)

  • Umar Tanko Mamza

    (Department of Chemical Sciences, Gombe State University Gombe)

  • Bala Adamu Thliza

    (Department of Chemical Sciences, Gombe State University Gombe)

Abstract

This study investigates the Antifungal, Antimicrobial and Larvicidal Activities Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) produced from the leaf extract of Balanites aegyptiaca. The nanoparticles were characterized using UV-Visible spectrophotometry, FTIR, XRD, and SEM techniques. Their antimicrobial activity was assessed against two Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes), two Gram-negative bacteria (Salmonella typhi, Klebsiella pneumoniae), and two fungi (Candida albicans, Aspergillus niger). The ZnO-NPs demonstrated strong inhibitory effects on Klebsiella pneumoniae, Streptococcus pyogenes and Salmonella typhi. Larvicidal activity against Anopheles mosquito larvae at concentrations of 40, 50, and 60 mg/L showed 100% mortality in first instar larvae, with LCâ‚…â‚€ values ranging from 36.24 to 38.07 mg/L across instars. These results highlight the strong dose-dependent larvicidal and antimicrobial properties of ZnO-NPs derived from Balanites aegyptiaca leaf extract demonstrating their potential as eco-friendly nanobiopesticides and plant-based therapeutics for controlling disease vectors and pathogens.

Suggested Citation

  • Wilson Lamayi Danbature & Baba Mushemi Lawan & Umar Tanko Mamza & Bala Adamu Thliza, 2026. "Antifungal, Antimicrobial and Larvicidal Activities of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Synthesized from the Leaf Extract of Balanites aegyptiaca," International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science, International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science (IJRIAS), vol. 11(6), pages 244-253, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:bjf:journl:v:11:y:2026:i:6:p:244-253
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