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The Current State and Future Trajectory of VR/AR in Construction: 24 Shades of Reality

Author

Listed:
  • Adeola Ajayi

    (Department of Architecture, University of Ibadan)

  • Ifeoluwa Desmond

    (Hitchin, Hertfordshire, United Kingdom)

Abstract

Objective: The construction industry faces persistent challenges in managing complex project information, ensuring safety, coordinating distributed teams, and minimizing costly errors. Extended reality (XR) technologies—virtual reality (VR), augmented reality (AR), and mixed reality (MR)—have emerged as transformative tools that fundamentally change how construction professionals visualize, interact with, and manage building projects. This systematic review synthesizes current knowledge on XR applications in building construction, examining their benefits, implementation challenges, and integration with Building Information Modeling (BIM) systems across the project lifecycle.

Suggested Citation

  • Adeola Ajayi & Ifeoluwa Desmond, 2026. "The Current State and Future Trajectory of VR/AR in Construction: 24 Shades of Reality," International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science, International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science (IJRIAS), vol. 11(3), pages 906-919, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:bjf:journl:v:11:y:2026:i:3:p:906-919
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Alessandro Carbonari & Carlos Franco & Berardo Naticchia & Francesco Spegni & Massimo Vaccarini, 2022. "A Mixed Reality Application for the On-Site Assessment of Building Renovation: Development and Testing," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(20), pages 1-28, October.
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