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Comparative Analysis of Anxiety, Depression, and Stress in Opioid-Dependent Patients Treated with Methadone, Buprenorphine, or Opium Tincture: A Cross-Sectional Study

Author

Listed:
  • Reza Rouzbahani, MD, MPH

    (Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran)

  • Hanieh Rouzbahani

    (Assistant Professor, Department of Preventive & Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran)

  • Faraz Golafshan

    (Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran)

Abstract

Introduction: Opioid use disorder (OUD) is a global public health crisis, with high comorbidity rates of anxiety and depression. This study evaluates mental health outcomes in patients receiving methadone, buprenorphine, or opium tincture, while addressing confounding factors such as polysubstance use and dosage variability. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 200 adults diagnosed with OUD (DSM-5 criteria) at an addiction clinic in Isfahan, Iran. The Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21) was administered to assess symptom severity. Statistical analyses included ANOVA, post-hoc Tukey tests, and descriptive reporting of confounders. Results: Buprenorphine users exhibited significantly lower anxiety (10.2 ± 2.1), depression (9.4 ± 3.0), and stress (11.3 ± 3.4) scores compared to methadone (anxiety: 15.1 ± 3.0; depression: 14.3 ± 4.2; stress: 16.4 ± 4.1) and opium tincture (anxiety: 20.5 ± 5.2; depression: 19.1 ± 4.3; stress: 21.2 ± 5.0) groups (ANOVA: p

Suggested Citation

  • Reza Rouzbahani, MD, MPH & Hanieh Rouzbahani & Faraz Golafshan, 2025. "Comparative Analysis of Anxiety, Depression, and Stress in Opioid-Dependent Patients Treated with Methadone, Buprenorphine, or Opium Tincture: A Cross-Sectional Study," International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science, International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science (IJRIAS), vol. 10(8), pages 581-586, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:bjf:journl:v:10:y:2025:i:8:p:581-586
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