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Investigating the Clinical Implications and Prevalence of Distributive Frequency of Secretor and Non-Secretor Status of ABH Antigenic Substances as a Novel Risk Factor in Ectopic Pregnancy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Allele-Type Analysis from Published Studies

Author

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  • Forwah Jacques Ndeh

    (Department of Hematology and blood transfusion Sciences, Faculty of Clinical sciences, University of Calabar, Cross River State, Nigeria.)

  • Akpan, Idongesit Samuel

    (Department of Hematology and Blood Transfusion Sciences, Faculty of Basic Clinical Sciences, University of Uyo, Akwa Ibiom State, Nigeria.)

  • Otti Chidiebere Joel

    (Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Nigeria Teaching hospital Ituku -Ozalla, Enugu State, Nigeria.)

  • Akaba Kingsley Onoride

    (Department of Hematology and blood transfusion Sciences, Faculty of Clinical sciences, University of Calabar, Cross River State, Nigeria.)

  • Edeani Bobby David

    (Department of radiation oncology, University of Nigeria Teaching hospital Ituku -Ozalla, Enugu State, Nigeria)

  • Korzerzer Samuel Vershima

    (Department of surgery, University of Nigeria Teaching hospital Ituku -Ozalla, Enugu State, Nigeria..)

  • Okorie Ebubechukwu Obasi

    (Department of radiation Medicine, University of Nigeria Teaching hospital Ituku -Ozalla, Enugu State, Nigeria..)

  • Immaculate Ihuoma Ekeagba

    (Department of Integrated Health Sciences and Technological Training, Faculty of Multi-Medical Education and Innovative Research, WORCACCCE Union Group University, P.O. Box 45 Bamenda, North West Region, Cameroon.)

  • Okwu Prudence Chidera

    (Department of Internal medicine, Enugu State University Teaching hospital, Enugu State, Nigeria..)

  • Osahenrhunmwen Abraham Okunorobo

    (Department of Hematology and blood transfusion National hospital Abuja FCT, Nigeria.)

  • Akam Nathaniel Ndim

    (Department of Clinical Pharmacy Hello Healthcare Limited Abuja, FCT, Nigeria)

  • Ezekoye Chisom Juliet

    (Department of Hematology and blood transfusion National hospital Abuja FCT, Nigeria.)

  • Abeshi Sylvester Etenikang

    (Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Calabar Teaching Hospital Cabalar, Cross River State, Nigeria.)

Abstract

Ectopic pregnancy is a life-threatening condition that affects millions of women worldwide. Recent studies have hypothesized or suggested that the distributive frequency of secretor and non-secretor status of ABH antigenic substances may be a novel risk factor for ectopic pregnancy. However, the research community, healthcare providers and practitioners deserve to have the clarity of this information which are not readily available. The current study was aimed at investigating the imperative role and prevalence of distributive frequency of secretor and non-secretor status of ABH antigenic substances as a novel risk factor in ectopic pregnancy. A systematic review of 400 articles out of 500 were conducted using powerful search engines and databases which includeviz:- PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar, Science Direct, IEEE Xplore, JSTOR, EBSCOhost, ProQuest and Semantic Scholar. The results of this systematic review have shown that the distributive frequency of secretor and non-secretor status of ABH antigenic substances were significantly associated with the risk of ectopic pregnancy. This systematic review havealso provided strong evidence that the distributive frequency of secretor and non-secretor status of ABH antigenic substances can now be considered as a novel risk factor for ectopic pregnancy.

Suggested Citation

  • Forwah Jacques Ndeh & Akpan, Idongesit Samuel & Otti Chidiebere Joel & Akaba Kingsley Onoride & Edeani Bobby David & Korzerzer Samuel Vershima & Okorie Ebubechukwu Obasi & Immaculate Ihuoma Ekeagba & , 2025. "Investigating the Clinical Implications and Prevalence of Distributive Frequency of Secretor and Non-Secretor Status of ABH Antigenic Substances as a Novel Risk Factor in Ectopic Pregnancy: A Systemat," International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science, International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science (IJRIAS), vol. 10(4), pages 533-544, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:bjf:journl:v:10:y:2025:i:4:p:533-544
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